Temporal Fluctuation of Bactrocera dorsalis Emergence and Its Association with Abiotic Factors in Pomelo Agroecosystem
Abstract
Background: The decrease in the output and quality of pomelo oranges due to improper growing methods and fruit fly pests poses a challenging control problem. The objective of this study is to ascertain the impact of abiotic influences on the variations in the population of fruit flies. Method: Observations were conducted to determine the correlation between the emergence of adult fruit flies from contaminated fruit and the population of fruit flies in the field. The study was conducted in Sukomoro District, Magetan Regency, from January - May 2024. This study integrates two techniques, explicitly using traps (Steiner traps) and host rearing. Secondary data collection encompasses gathering information on rainfall, temperature, humidity, and agriculture patterns. Results: The research findings identified two species of fruit flies in pomelo orange plantations, specifically Bactrocera carambolae and B. dorsalis. The rate of imago emergence ranges from 86% - 92%. Conclusion: each emergence is accompanied by a substantial rise in the fly population. There is no association between abiotic elements like rainfall and humidity and the changes in the fruit fly population. A statistically significant moderate correlation exists between the emergence of imago and trapped fruit flies, namely (r) of 0.616 (p) of 0.001.
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Ghabbari, M., & Jemâa, J. M. B. (2024). Infestation and evaluation of damage of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly), Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) on Citrus in Southern Tunisia. Journal of Oasis Agriculture and Sustainable Development, 6(01), 113-122. https://doi.org/10.56027/JOASD.112024
He, Z., Gui, L., Wang, F., Shi, Y., Liang, P., Yang, X., Hua, D., & Du, T. (2020). Effect of male inflorescence of Castanea mollissima on the reproductive development and lifetime of Bactrocera minax. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 23(4), 1041–1047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2020.08.017
Jayanthi, P. D. K., & Verghese, A. (2011). Host-plant phenology and weather based forecasting models for population prediction of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel. Crop Protection, 30(12), 1557–1562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2011.09.002
Khan, M., Khuhro, N., Awais, M., Asif, M. U., & Muhammad, R. (2021). Seasonal Abundance of Fruit Fly, Bactrocera species (Diptera: Tephritidae) with Respect to Environmental Factors in Guava and Mango Orchards. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research, 34(2), 266-272. https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjar/2021/34.2.266.272
Kolopaking, B., Rizali, A., Affandi, A., Hudiwaku, S., & Himawan, T. (2023). Population Dynamic and Distribution of Bactrocera carambolae and Bactrocera dorsalis in Orchard Habitat in Different Geographical Areas. Research Journal of Life Science, 10(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rjls.2023.010.01.1
Kusumawati, N., & Sudaryadi, I. (2022). Effect of feeding kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) extract on survival rate and reproductive organ morphology of fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, 1830) ultraviolet light irradiation. Berkala Ilmiah Biologi, 13(3), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.22146/bib.v13i3.5215
Michel, D. K., Fiaboe, K. K. M., Kekeunou, S., Nanga, S. N., Kuate, A. F., Tonnang, H. E. Z., Gnanvossou, D., & Hanna, R. (2021). Temperature-based phenology model to predict the development, survival, and reproduction of the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis. Journal of Thermal Biology, 97, 102877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102877
Mutamiswa, R., Nyamukondiwa, C., Chikowore, G., & Chidawanyika, F. (2021). Overview of oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Africa: From invasion, bio-ecology to sustainable management. Crop Protection, 141, 105492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105492
Papach, A., Gonthier, J., Williams, G. R., & Neumann, P. (2019). Sex ratio of small hive beetles: the role of pupation and adult longevity. Insects, 10(5), 2-5. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10050133
Pasinato, J., Redaelli, L. R., Botton, M., & Jesus-Barros, C. R. de. (2019). Biology and fertility life table of Bactrocera carambolae on grape and acerola. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 63(3), 217–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbe.2019.06.001
Pramanik, S., Debnath, P., Pandit, M. K., Gupta, A. K., & Naskar, M. K. (2022). Fruit fly species diversity, population dynamics and infestation rate during fruiting season of snake gourd. South African Journal of Botany, 145, 303–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2021.09.021
Putri, Y. D., Gunadi, R., Pranowo, D., Affandi, A., & Suputa, S. (2024). Population dynamic of fruit fly pests Bactrocera spp. in salacca orchard in relation to host plants and climate factors. Journal of Agricultural Science, 46(1), 1–14. http://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v46i1.4257
Siwi, S., Hidayat, P., & Suputa, S. (2006). Taksonomi dan Bioekologi Lalat Buah Penting di Indonesia (Diptera: Tephritidae).
Soares, G. K. A., Fidelis, E. G., Farias, E. S., Rodrigues, G. S., & Paes, J. L. A. (2023). Range expansion and population dynamics of Bactrocera carambolae in Roraima, Brazil. Crop Protection, 165, 106167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2022.106167
Suputa, Cahyaniati, Kustaryati, A., Railan, M., Issusilaningtyas, U., & Mardiasih, W. (2006). Pedoman Identifikasi Lalat Buah Hama. Kementerian Pertanian, Jakarta, Indonesia. 32 p.
Susanto, A., Faradilla, M. G., Sumekar, Y., Yudistira, D. H., Murdita, W., Permana, A. D., Djaya, L., & Subakti Putri, S. N. (2022). Effect of various depths of pupation on adult emergence of interspecific hybrid of Bactrocera carambolae and Bactrocera dorsalis. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-08295-w
Susanto, A., Fathoni, F., Atami, N. I. N., & Tohidin, T. (2017). Fluktuasi populasi lalat buah (Bactrocera dorsalis Kompleks.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) pada pertanaman pepaya di Desa Margaluyu, Kabupaten Garut. Agrikultura, 28(1), 32-38. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v28i1.12297
Syahputera, I., Susanto, A., & Permana, A. D. (2022). Fluktuasi populasi dan identifikasi lalat buah Bactrocera spp. pada pertanaman mangga varietas gedong gincu di Jatigede Sumedang. Agrikultura, 33(1), 83-88. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v33i1.37796
Syamsudin, T. S., Faizal, A., & Kirana, R. (2019). Dataset on antixenosis and antibiosis of chili fruit by fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) infestation. Data in Brief, 23, 103758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2019.103758
Syamsudin, T. S., Kirana, R., Karjadi, A. K., & Faizal, A. (2022). Characteristics of Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) That Are Resistant and Susceptible to Oriental Fruit Fly (Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel) Infestation. Horticulturae, 8(4), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8040314
Yin, N. N., Theint, Y. Y., Myaing, K. M., S. S. Oo, O. Khin, M. Yin, M. T. Aye, H. H. Hlaing, K. Swe, & Naing Kyi Win. (2018). Relationship between population fluctuation of oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel and abiotic factors in Yezin, Myanmar. Journal of Life Sciences, 12(3), 141-149. https://doi.org/10.17265/1934-7391/2018.03.004
Yusmaizah, Y., Sahputra, H., & Lizmah, S. F. (2022). Pengaruh perangkap sintetis metil eugenol untuk mengendalikan hama lalat buah Bactrocera spp. pada tanaman jeruk pamelo. Jurnal Pertanian Agros, 24(1), 243-252. https://doi.org/10.37159/jpa.v24i1.1537
Aryuwandari, V. E. F., Trisyono, Y. A., Suputa, S., Faveri, S. D., & Vijaysegaran, S. (2020). Survey of Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) from 23 Species of Fruits Collected in Sleman, Yogyakarta. Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia, 24(2), 122–132. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.57634
Chuang, C.-L., Yang, E.-C., Tseng, C.-L., Chen, C.-P., Lien, G.-S., & Jiang, J.-A. (2014). Toward anticipating pest responses to fruit farms: Revealing factors influencing the population dynamics of the Oriental Fruit Fly via automatic field monitoring. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 109, 148–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2014.09.018
Clarke, A. R. (2019). Biology and management of Bactrocera and related fruit flies. CABI. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781789241822.0000
Danjuma, S., Thaochan, N., Permkam, S., & Satasook, C. (2014). Effect of temperature on the development and survival of immature stages of the carambola fruit fly, Bactrocera carambolae, and the Asian papaya fruit fly, Bactrocera papayae, reared on guava diet. Journal of Insect Science, 14(1), 126. https://doi.org/10.1093/jis/14.1.126
Dineshkumar, S., Kannan, M., Soundararajan, R. P., Boopathi, N. M., Jayakanthan, M., & David, K. J. (2023). Methyl eugenol (parapheromone) trapping system on diversity of fruit flies and influence of weather parameters on trap catches in mango and guava cropping systems. International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, 13(9), 3027–3037. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i92542
Pangihutan, J. C., Dono, D., & Hidayat, Y. (2022). The potency of minerals to reduce oriental fruit fly infestation in chili fruits. PeerJ, 1(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13198
Ghabbari, M., & Jemâa, J. M. B. (2024). Infestation and evaluation of damage of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly), Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) on Citrus in Southern Tunisia. Journal of Oasis Agriculture and Sustainable Development, 6(01), 113-122. https://doi.org/10.56027/JOASD.112024
He, Z., Gui, L., Wang, F., Shi, Y., Liang, P., Yang, X., Hua, D., & Du, T. (2020). Effect of male inflorescence of Castanea mollissima on the reproductive development and lifetime of Bactrocera minax. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 23(4), 1041–1047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2020.08.017
Jayanthi, P. D. K., & Verghese, A. (2011). Host-plant phenology and weather based forecasting models for population prediction of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel. Crop Protection, 30(12), 1557–1562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2011.09.002
Khan, M., Khuhro, N., Awais, M., Asif, M. U., & Muhammad, R. (2021). Seasonal Abundance of Fruit Fly, Bactrocera species (Diptera: Tephritidae) with Respect to Environmental Factors in Guava and Mango Orchards. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research, 34(2), 266-272. https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjar/2021/34.2.266.272
Kolopaking, B., Rizali, A., Affandi, A., Hudiwaku, S., & Himawan, T. (2023). Population Dynamic and Distribution of Bactrocera carambolae and Bactrocera dorsalis in Orchard Habitat in Different Geographical Areas. Research Journal of Life Science, 10(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rjls.2023.010.01.1
Kusumawati, N., & Sudaryadi, I. (2022). Effect of feeding kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) extract on survival rate and reproductive organ morphology of fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, 1830) ultraviolet light irradiation. Berkala Ilmiah Biologi, 13(3), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.22146/bib.v13i3.5215
Michel, D. K., Fiaboe, K. K. M., Kekeunou, S., Nanga, S. N., Kuate, A. F., Tonnang, H. E. Z., Gnanvossou, D., & Hanna, R. (2021). Temperature-based phenology model to predict the development, survival, and reproduction of the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis. Journal of Thermal Biology, 97, 102877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102877
Mutamiswa, R., Nyamukondiwa, C., Chikowore, G., & Chidawanyika, F. (2021). Overview of oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Africa: From invasion, bio-ecology to sustainable management. Crop Protection, 141, 105492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105492
Papach, A., Gonthier, J., Williams, G. R., & Neumann, P. (2019). Sex ratio of small hive beetles: the role of pupation and adult longevity. Insects, 10(5), 2-5. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10050133
Pasinato, J., Redaelli, L. R., Botton, M., & Jesus-Barros, C. R. de. (2019). Biology and fertility life table of Bactrocera carambolae on grape and acerola. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 63(3), 217–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbe.2019.06.001
Pramanik, S., Debnath, P., Pandit, M. K., Gupta, A. K., & Naskar, M. K. (2022). Fruit fly species diversity, population dynamics and infestation rate during fruiting season of snake gourd. South African Journal of Botany, 145, 303–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2021.09.021
Putri, Y. D., Gunadi, R., Pranowo, D., Affandi, A., & Suputa, S. (2024). Population dynamic of fruit fly pests Bactrocera spp. in salacca orchard in relation to host plants and climate factors. Journal of Agricultural Science, 46(1), 1–14. http://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v46i1.4257
Siwi, S., Hidayat, P., & Suputa, S. (2006). Taksonomi dan Bioekologi Lalat Buah Penting di Indonesia (Diptera: Tephritidae).
Soares, G. K. A., Fidelis, E. G., Farias, E. S., Rodrigues, G. S., & Paes, J. L. A. (2023). Range expansion and population dynamics of Bactrocera carambolae in Roraima, Brazil. Crop Protection, 165, 106167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2022.106167
Suputa, Cahyaniati, Kustaryati, A., Railan, M., Issusilaningtyas, U., & Mardiasih, W. (2006). Pedoman Identifikasi Lalat Buah Hama. Kementerian Pertanian, Jakarta, Indonesia. 32 p.
Susanto, A., Faradilla, M. G., Sumekar, Y., Yudistira, D. H., Murdita, W., Permana, A. D., Djaya, L., & Subakti Putri, S. N. (2022). Effect of various depths of pupation on adult emergence of interspecific hybrid of Bactrocera carambolae and Bactrocera dorsalis. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-08295-w
Susanto, A., Fathoni, F., Atami, N. I. N., & Tohidin, T. (2017). Fluktuasi populasi lalat buah (Bactrocera dorsalis Kompleks.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) pada pertanaman pepaya di Desa Margaluyu, Kabupaten Garut. Agrikultura, 28(1), 32-38. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v28i1.12297
Syahputera, I., Susanto, A., & Permana, A. D. (2022). Fluktuasi populasi dan identifikasi lalat buah Bactrocera spp. pada pertanaman mangga varietas gedong gincu di Jatigede Sumedang. Agrikultura, 33(1), 83-88. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v33i1.37796
Syamsudin, T. S., Faizal, A., & Kirana, R. (2019). Dataset on antixenosis and antibiosis of chili fruit by fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) infestation. Data in Brief, 23, 103758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2019.103758
Syamsudin, T. S., Kirana, R., Karjadi, A. K., & Faizal, A. (2022). Characteristics of Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) That Are Resistant and Susceptible to Oriental Fruit Fly (Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel) Infestation. Horticulturae, 8(4), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8040314
Yin, N. N., Theint, Y. Y., Myaing, K. M., S. S. Oo, O. Khin, M. Yin, M. T. Aye, H. H. Hlaing, K. Swe, & Naing Kyi Win. (2018). Relationship between population fluctuation of oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel and abiotic factors in Yezin, Myanmar. Journal of Life Sciences, 12(3), 141-149. https://doi.org/10.17265/1934-7391/2018.03.004
Yusmaizah, Y., Sahputra, H., & Lizmah, S. F. (2022). Pengaruh perangkap sintetis metil eugenol untuk mengendalikan hama lalat buah Bactrocera spp. pada tanaman jeruk pamelo. Jurnal Pertanian Agros, 24(1), 243-252. https://doi.org/10.37159/jpa.v24i1.1537
Authors
Ukhrowi, S. T. M., Rahmadhini, N., & Windriyanti, W. (2025). Temporal Fluctuation of Bactrocera dorsalis Emergence and Its Association with Abiotic Factors in Pomelo Agroecosystem. BIOEDUSCIENCE, 9(1), 120–128. https://doi.org/10.22236/jbes/15772
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