Visual Representation of Biology Books on Circulatory System Material
Abstract
Background: Representation is a tool to improve students' communication, interpreting, and problem-solving skills. Visual representation (RV) can provide information about understanding the object/phenomenon observed about the concept under study. This study aimed to determine the relationship between visual representations and material content and the relationship between visual representations and the reality of images contained in the Circulation System material. Methods: This study used a content analysis method with a qualitative data analysis technique. Results: The analysis results show a relationship compared to the category of significant relationships on the circulation system's material and the relationship of symbolic visual representations. Conclusions: The analysis that has been carried out on the visual representation of SMA/MA biology books in the city of Stabat for the circulation system material, it can be concluded that the Visual Representation relationship contained in SMA/MA biology books was found to be more dominant for the category of no relationship compared to the category of a significant relationship in circulation system material presented. In addition, when analyzed concerning the reality of the image, the visual representation displays the relationship of symbolic visual representations in the analyzed biology textbooks. In addition to choosing a textbook, the teacher should pay attention not only to the content of the learning material but also to look at the components in the book, one of which is the picture in the textbook. This will later be useful to support students' understanding of the concepts being taught.
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References
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Cheung, K. K. C., & Winterbottom, M. (2021). Students' integration of textbook representations into their understanding of photomicrographs: epistemic network analysis. Research in Science and Technological Education, 00(00), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/02635143.2021.1920382
Colburn. 2010. An inquiry primer, science scope. Journal of Science Education, 22 (4): 42-44
Elfada, V. S., Chandra, E., & Mulyani, A. (2015). Analisis Kualitas Representasi Visual Buku Biologi SMA Kelas XI Kurikulum 2013 pada Materi Sel. Scientiae Educatia, 5(2), 1–10.
Eltasari, S. & Susilo, S. (2021). Learner Acceptance and Student Experience of Virtual Reality Usage in Biology learning: A Meta-analysis. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 12(14), 851-858.
Fajriana, N., Abdullah, A., & Safrida, S. (2017). Analisis Miskonsepsi Buku Teks Pelajaran Biologi Kelas XI Semester 1 SMAN di Kota Banda Aceh. BIOTIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknologi dan Kependidikan, 4(1), 60. https://doi.org/10.22373/biotik.v4i1.1071
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Foley, B. P., & Buckendahl, C. W. (2013). Using visual displays to inform assessment design and development. In G. J. Schraw, M. McCrudden, & T. Robinson (Eds.), Current perspectives on cognition, learning, and instruction. Learning through visual displays (pp. 417–452). Charlote, NC: Information Age Publishing.
Fotakopoulou, D. & Spiliotopoulou, V. (2008). Visual Representation in Secondary School Textbook of Economics.Greece: ICOAE.
García-Cabeza, B., & Sánchez-Bello, A. (2013). Sex Education Representations in Spanish Combined Biology and Geology Textbooks. International Journal of Science Education, 35(10), 1725–1755. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2013.795669
Gilbert, J. K., Reiner, M., & Nakhleh, M. (Eds.). (2008). Visualization in science education. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.
Hayati, S., & Lailatussaadah, L. (2016). Validitas Dan Reliabilitas Instrumen Pengetahuan Pembelajaran Aktif, Kreatif Dan Menyenangkan (Pakem) Menggunakan Model Rasch. Jurnal Ilmiah Didaktika, 16(2), 169. https://doi.org/10.22373/jid.v16i2.593
Hegarty, M. (2011). The cognitive science of visual-spatial displays: Implications for design. Topics in Cognitive Science, 3(3), 446–474.
Hertati, S., Aripin, I., dan Mu’minah, I. H. (2020). Representasi Visual Buku Biologi SMA. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan 2, 21, 106–112.
J, P., & T, P. (2022). Content analysis of visual representations in biology textbooks across selected educational boards from Asia. Cogent Education, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2022.2057002
Khasanah, K. (2019). Peta Konsep sebagai Strategi Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Edutrained: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pelatihan, 3(2), 152–164. https://doi.org/10.37730/edutrained.v3i2.8
Ladisa, S., & Rahmat, A. (2020). Hubungan Kemampuan Representasi Visual dan Representasi Verbal Mahasiswa Pada Praktikum Morfologi Tumbuhan. Simbiosa, 9(1), 60. https://doi.org/10.33373/sim-bio.v9i1.2430
Lee, V. R. (2010). Adaptations and continuities in the use and design of visual representations in us middle school science textbooks. International Journal of Science Education, 32(8), 1099–1126. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500690903253916
Margono, N.C. (2010). Analisis Kesesuaian Materi Dan Penyajian Buku Ajar SMP Kelas VIII Di Kabupaten Brebes Terhadap PrinsipPrinsip Pembelajaran Matematika. Skripsi. Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang.
Millah, S. S. (2018). Analisis Buku Teks Biologi Kurikulum Nasional pada Konsep Sistem Ekskresi Ditinjau dari Representasi Visual. Skripsi. Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Syekh Nurjati Cirebon. Tidak Diterbitkan.
Mulyani, A. (2014). Representasi Visual Buku Biologi SMA pada Materi Kingdom Plantae. Scientiae Educatia: Jurnal Pendidikan Sains, 3, 35–47.
Mulyani, A. (2017). Penguasaan Mahasiswa Calon Guru Biologi Terhadap Representasi Visual Dalam Botani Phanerogamae. Scientiae Educatia, 6(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.24235/sc.educatia.v6i1.1376
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Postigo, Y., & López-Manjón, A. (2019). Images in biology: are instructional criteria used in textbook image design? International Journal of Science Education, 41(2), 210–229. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2018.1548043
Pratiwi, D., Lisdiana, & Christijanti, W. (2012). Analisis Representasi Salingtemas Buku Ajar Biologi Kelas XI SMA Negeri Sekota Semarang. Unnes Journal of Biology Education, 1(2), 174–181.
Pratiwi, Y. (2015). Penggunaan Strategi Representasi Visual Dalam Pembelajaran Apresiasi Prosa Fiksi. Diksi, 13(2), 126–133. https://doi.org/10.21831/diksi.v13i2.6451
Prain, Vaughan & Tytler, Russell (2013). Representing and Learning in Science. In Prain, Vaughan, Hubber, Peter, & Waldrip, Bruce (Ed.), Constructing Representations to Learn in Science (pp. 1-14). Netherlands: Sense Publishers.
Rahmawati, G. (2016). Buku Teks Pelajaran Sebagai Sumber Belajar Siswa Di Perpustakaan Sekolah Di Sman 3 Bandung. Edulib, 5(1), 102–113. https://doi.org/10.17509/edulib.v5i1.2307
Ramnarain, U. D., & Chanetsa, T. (2016). An analysis of South African Grade 9 natural sciences textbooks for their representation of the nature of science. International Journal of Science Education, 38(6), 922–933. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2016.1167985
Roth, W.-M, & Pozzer-Ardenghi, L. (2013). Pictures in Education. In Tsui, C. & Treagust, D. F. (Ed.), Multiple Representations in Biological Education (pp. 318). London: Springer.
Schnotz, W., & Kulhavy, R. W. (Eds.). (1994). Comprehension of graphics. München: Elsevier Science B.V.
Siburian, M. F. (2016). Efektivitas Penggunaan Media Grafis Untuk. Formatif: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan MIPA, 6(2), 125–133.
Treagust, F. & Tsui, Chin Yan (2013). Introduction to Multiple Representation: Their Importance in Biology and Biological Education.
Weidenmann, B. (1994). Codes of instructional pictures. In W. Schnotz & R. W. Kulhavy (Eds.), Comprehension of graphics (pp. 29–42). Munchen: Elsevier Science B.V.
Utami, R. K., & Subiantoro, A. W. (2021). Visual Representations Analysis of Senior High School Biology Textbooks About Plants' Structure and Function. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Research, Implementation, and Education of Mathematics and Sciences (ICRIEMS 2020), 528(Icriems 2020), 123–128. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210305.019
Wiley, J., Sarmento, D., Griffin, T. D., & Hinze, S. R. (2017). Biology Textbook Graphics and Their Impact on Expectations of Understanding. Discourse Processes, 54(5–6), 463–478. https://doi.org/10.1080/0163853X.2017.1319655
Zhuang, H., Xiao, Y., Liu, Q., Yu, B., Xiong, J., & Bao, L. (2021). Comparison of nature of science representations in five Chinese high school physics textbooks. International Journal of Science Education, 43(11), 1779–1798. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2021.1933647
Anderson, T. R., Schonborn, K. J. Plessis, L., Gupthar, A. S, & Hull, T. L. (2013). Identifying and Developing Students' Ability to Reason with Concepts and Representations in Biology. In Tsui, C. & Treagust, D. F. (Ed.), Multiple Representations in Biological Education (pp. 3-18). London: Springer
Ary, Donald, et al. (2010). Introduction to Research in Education. Canada: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
Brandstetter, M., Sandmann, A., & Florian, C. (2017). Understanding pictorial information in biology: students' cognitive activities and visual reading strategies. International Journal of Science Education, 39(9), 1218–1237. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2017.1320454
Canlas, I. P. (2021). Using visual representations in identifying students' preconceptions in friction. Research in Science and Technological Education, 39(2), 156–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/02635143.2019.1660630
Cheung, K. K. C., & Winterbottom, M. (2021). Students' integration of textbook representations into their understanding of photomicrographs: epistemic network analysis. Research in Science and Technological Education, 00(00), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/02635143.2021.1920382
Colburn. 2010. An inquiry primer, science scope. Journal of Science Education, 22 (4): 42-44
Elfada, V. S., Chandra, E., & Mulyani, A. (2015). Analisis Kualitas Representasi Visual Buku Biologi SMA Kelas XI Kurikulum 2013 pada Materi Sel. Scientiae Educatia, 5(2), 1–10.
Eltasari, S. & Susilo, S. (2021). Learner Acceptance and Student Experience of Virtual Reality Usage in Biology learning: A Meta-analysis. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 12(14), 851-858.
Fajriana, N., Abdullah, A., & Safrida, S. (2017). Analisis Miskonsepsi Buku Teks Pelajaran Biologi Kelas XI Semester 1 SMAN di Kota Banda Aceh. BIOTIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknologi dan Kependidikan, 4(1), 60. https://doi.org/10.22373/biotik.v4i1.1071
Fenk, A. (1997). Representation and iconicity. Semiotica, 115(3–4), 215–234.
Foley, B. P., & Buckendahl, C. W. (2013). Using visual displays to inform assessment design and development. In G. J. Schraw, M. McCrudden, & T. Robinson (Eds.), Current perspectives on cognition, learning, and instruction. Learning through visual displays (pp. 417–452). Charlote, NC: Information Age Publishing.
Fotakopoulou, D. & Spiliotopoulou, V. (2008). Visual Representation in Secondary School Textbook of Economics.Greece: ICOAE.
García-Cabeza, B., & Sánchez-Bello, A. (2013). Sex Education Representations in Spanish Combined Biology and Geology Textbooks. International Journal of Science Education, 35(10), 1725–1755. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2013.795669
Gilbert, J. K., Reiner, M., & Nakhleh, M. (Eds.). (2008). Visualization in science education. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.
Hayati, S., & Lailatussaadah, L. (2016). Validitas Dan Reliabilitas Instrumen Pengetahuan Pembelajaran Aktif, Kreatif Dan Menyenangkan (Pakem) Menggunakan Model Rasch. Jurnal Ilmiah Didaktika, 16(2), 169. https://doi.org/10.22373/jid.v16i2.593
Hegarty, M. (2011). The cognitive science of visual-spatial displays: Implications for design. Topics in Cognitive Science, 3(3), 446–474.
Hertati, S., Aripin, I., dan Mu’minah, I. H. (2020). Representasi Visual Buku Biologi SMA. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan 2, 21, 106–112.
J, P., & T, P. (2022). Content analysis of visual representations in biology textbooks across selected educational boards from Asia. Cogent Education, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2022.2057002
Khasanah, K. (2019). Peta Konsep sebagai Strategi Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Edutrained: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pelatihan, 3(2), 152–164. https://doi.org/10.37730/edutrained.v3i2.8
Ladisa, S., & Rahmat, A. (2020). Hubungan Kemampuan Representasi Visual dan Representasi Verbal Mahasiswa Pada Praktikum Morfologi Tumbuhan. Simbiosa, 9(1), 60. https://doi.org/10.33373/sim-bio.v9i1.2430
Lee, V. R. (2010). Adaptations and continuities in the use and design of visual representations in us middle school science textbooks. International Journal of Science Education, 32(8), 1099–1126. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500690903253916
Margono, N.C. (2010). Analisis Kesesuaian Materi Dan Penyajian Buku Ajar SMP Kelas VIII Di Kabupaten Brebes Terhadap PrinsipPrinsip Pembelajaran Matematika. Skripsi. Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang.
Millah, S. S. (2018). Analisis Buku Teks Biologi Kurikulum Nasional pada Konsep Sistem Ekskresi Ditinjau dari Representasi Visual. Skripsi. Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Syekh Nurjati Cirebon. Tidak Diterbitkan.
Mulyani, A. (2014). Representasi Visual Buku Biologi SMA pada Materi Kingdom Plantae. Scientiae Educatia: Jurnal Pendidikan Sains, 3, 35–47.
Mulyani, A. (2017). Penguasaan Mahasiswa Calon Guru Biologi Terhadap Representasi Visual Dalam Botani Phanerogamae. Scientiae Educatia, 6(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.24235/sc.educatia.v6i1.1376
Nim, S. (2009). Pengaruh penggunaan media model dengan media gambar terhadap prestasi belajar biologi ditinjau dari motivasi belajar (Studi eksperimen pada siswa kelas XI Program Ilmu Alam Sekolah. 1–167.
Postigo, Y., & López-Manjón, A. (2019). Images in biology: are instructional criteria used in textbook image design? International Journal of Science Education, 41(2), 210–229. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2018.1548043
Pratiwi, D., Lisdiana, & Christijanti, W. (2012). Analisis Representasi Salingtemas Buku Ajar Biologi Kelas XI SMA Negeri Sekota Semarang. Unnes Journal of Biology Education, 1(2), 174–181.
Pratiwi, Y. (2015). Penggunaan Strategi Representasi Visual Dalam Pembelajaran Apresiasi Prosa Fiksi. Diksi, 13(2), 126–133. https://doi.org/10.21831/diksi.v13i2.6451
Prain, Vaughan & Tytler, Russell (2013). Representing and Learning in Science. In Prain, Vaughan, Hubber, Peter, & Waldrip, Bruce (Ed.), Constructing Representations to Learn in Science (pp. 1-14). Netherlands: Sense Publishers.
Rahmawati, G. (2016). Buku Teks Pelajaran Sebagai Sumber Belajar Siswa Di Perpustakaan Sekolah Di Sman 3 Bandung. Edulib, 5(1), 102–113. https://doi.org/10.17509/edulib.v5i1.2307
Ramnarain, U. D., & Chanetsa, T. (2016). An analysis of South African Grade 9 natural sciences textbooks for their representation of the nature of science. International Journal of Science Education, 38(6), 922–933. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2016.1167985
Roth, W.-M, & Pozzer-Ardenghi, L. (2013). Pictures in Education. In Tsui, C. & Treagust, D. F. (Ed.), Multiple Representations in Biological Education (pp. 318). London: Springer.
Schnotz, W., & Kulhavy, R. W. (Eds.). (1994). Comprehension of graphics. München: Elsevier Science B.V.
Siburian, M. F. (2016). Efektivitas Penggunaan Media Grafis Untuk. Formatif: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan MIPA, 6(2), 125–133.
Treagust, F. & Tsui, Chin Yan (2013). Introduction to Multiple Representation: Their Importance in Biology and Biological Education.
Weidenmann, B. (1994). Codes of instructional pictures. In W. Schnotz & R. W. Kulhavy (Eds.), Comprehension of graphics (pp. 29–42). Munchen: Elsevier Science B.V.
Utami, R. K., & Subiantoro, A. W. (2021). Visual Representations Analysis of Senior High School Biology Textbooks About Plants' Structure and Function. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Research, Implementation, and Education of Mathematics and Sciences (ICRIEMS 2020), 528(Icriems 2020), 123–128. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210305.019
Wiley, J., Sarmento, D., Griffin, T. D., & Hinze, S. R. (2017). Biology Textbook Graphics and Their Impact on Expectations of Understanding. Discourse Processes, 54(5–6), 463–478. https://doi.org/10.1080/0163853X.2017.1319655
Zhuang, H., Xiao, Y., Liu, Q., Yu, B., Xiong, J., & Bao, L. (2021). Comparison of nature of science representations in five Chinese high school physics textbooks. International Journal of Science Education, 43(11), 1779–1798. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2021.1933647
Authors
Maduratna, M., & Jayanti, U. N. A. D. (2022). Visual Representation of Biology Books on Circulatory System Material. BIOEDUSCIENCE, 6(2), 124–136. https://doi.org/10.22236/j.bes/629415
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