Potential of Trichoderma sp. The Origin of Peat Soil as a Biological Control Agent for Pathogenic Fungi Carried by Rice Seeds
Abstract
Background: Rice (Oryza sativa) is the world's second most important food crop after wheat. In Indonesia, more than 90% of the population consumes rice, and there is a very high level of dependence, so rice has essential value for the Indonesian population. However, this has not been accompanied by the availability of healthy seeds because many pathogenic fungi are carried by rice seeds, such as Rhizopus sp., Mucor sp., Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., Curvularia sp. Seed treatment using synthetic fungicides is an effort to control pathogenic fungi on seeds, but it hurts seeds, humans, and the environment. A safe control alternative is using biological agents, namely the fungus Trichoderma sp. isolated from peatlands and has an antibiosis mechanism. The research aimed to test the potential of the fungus Trichoderma sp. from peat soil as a biological control agent for pathogenic fungi carried by rice seeds (Oryza sativa). Methods: The test uses the incubation method on PDA media and the growing test method on sterile soil media. The research used a completely randomized design with a factor of 2 isolates of Trichoderma sp. and eight replications and data analysis using BNJ5%. Results: isolation results obtained two isolates of Trichoderma sp. (P1 and P2), two isolates of Trichoderma sp. (P1 and P2) were able to suppress the level of pathogenic fungal infections carried by rice seeds in the incubation method using PDA media and the growing on test method, 3.75%, two isolates of Trichoderma sp. able to increase the germination capacity of rice seeds by P1 (12.50%) and P2 (31.25%) respectively. Conclusions: Two isolates of Trichoderma sp. (P1 and P2) could suppress the level of pathogenic fungal infections carried by rice seeds in the incubation method using PDA media and in the growing on test method. Apart from that, two isolates of Trichoderma sp.
Full text article
References
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2022). Luas Panen dan Produksi Padi di Indonesia 2022. Badan Pusat Statistik, 1–329.
Ela, N., Hakim, L., & Ulim, A. (2016). Efektivitas Beberapa Agen Antagonis dan Cara Aplikasinya Untuk Menekan Pertumbuhan Sclerotium rolfsii pada Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merrill). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian, 1(1), 155–167. https://doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v1i1.1012
Febrianty Sianipar, H., Sijabat, A., & Pane, E. P. (2019). Pengaruh Pemberian Berbagai Tingkat Mikoriza Arbuskula Pada Tanah Terakumulasi Logam Pb terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa Bilimbi). Jurnal Biosains, 5(2), 53–58. https://doi.org/10.24114/jbio.v5i2.13918
Gusnawaty, H., Taufik, M., Triana, L., & Asniah. (2014). Karakterisasi Morfologis Trichoderma spp. Indigenus Sulawesi Tenggara. Jurnal Agroteknos, 4(2), 88–94.
Harman, G. E. (2006). Overview of mechanisms and uses of Trichoderma spp. Phytopathology, 96(2), 190–194. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-96-0190
Inayati, A., Sulistyowati, L., Aini, L. Q., & Yusnawan, E. (2019). Antifungal activity of volatile organic compounds from Trichoderma virens. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2120. https://dio.org/10.1063/1.5115750
Jumadi, O., Junda, M., Caronge, M. W., & Syafruddin. (2021). Trichoderma dan pemanfaatan. In Penerbit Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNM.
Mahabbah, A. F., Aeny, T. N., & Maryono, T. (2014). Pengaruh Trichoderma Sp. dan Fungisida Sintetis Terhadap Pertumbuhan Sclerotium Rolfsii dan Keterjadian Penyakit Rebah Kecambah Kacang Tanah. Jurnal Agrotek Tropika, 2(2), 208–214. https://doi.org/10.23960/jat.v2i2.2086
Nadhifah, Y., Hastuti, U., & Syamsuri, I. (2016). Mikoflora Dari Rizosfer Tanah Pertanian Tebu ( Saccharum Officinarum L .) Sebagai Bahan Ajar Kingdom Fungi Untuk. Jurnal Pendidikan, 1(1974), 2023–2030.
Pusat Karantina Tumbuhan. (2007). Pedoman Diagnosis Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan Karantina Golongan Cendawan. In Badan Karantina Pertanian. Pusat Karantina Tumbuhan.
Puspita, F., Ali, M., & Supriyadi, S. (2020). Kompatibilitas dan Daya Hambat Konsorsium Trichoderma spp. Endofit terhadap Penyakit Busuk Buah Kakao Phytophthora palmivora. Agrikultura, 31(2), 126. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v31i2.26063
Sobianti, S., Soesanto, L., & Hadi, S. (2020). Inventarisasi Jamur Patogen Tular-Benih pada Lima Varietas Padi. Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal, 3(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v3i1.416
Sucahyono, D., Sari, M., Surahman, M., Satriyas Ilyas, D., & Penelitian Tanaman Kacang-kacangan dan Umbi-umbian Jl Raya Kendal Payak Km, B. (2013). ) 126 Pengaruh Perlakuan Invigorasi pada Benih Kedelai Hitam (Glycine soja) terhadap Vigor Benih, Pertumbuhan Tanaman, dan Hasil Effect of Invigoration Applied on Black Soybean (Glycine soja) Seed on Seed Vigor, Plant Growth, and Yield. J. Agron. Indonesia, 41(2), 126–132. https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v41i2.7517
Supriyanto, & Sulistyowati, H. (2011). Pengembangan PGPF Menjadi Pupuk dan Pestisida Hayati. Jurnal Perkebunan Dan Lahan Tropika, 1, 19–27. https://doi.org/10.26418/plt.v1i1.28.
Authors
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
