Catatan Beberapa Jamur Makro di Pulau Belitong: Deskripsi dan Potensinya
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Submitted
20 February 2020
20 February 2020
Published
30 June 2020
30 June 2020
Abstract
Background: Penelitian jamur makro dilaksanakan di hutan Desa Kelubi, Pulau Belitong. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyediakan informasi mengenai keberadaan jamur-jamur makro di Pulau Belitong dan studi mengenai potensi pemanfaatannya di masa mendatang. Metode: Penelitian ini dibagi menjadi tiga tahap penelitian yaitu observasi, identifikasi, dan studi literatur potensi jamur makro yang berhasil dideskripsikan. Hasil: Sebanyak 12 jamur makro berhasil diidentifikasi dan dideskripsikan pada penelitian ini. Jamur tersebut terbagi ke dalam 6 ordo dan 12 famili. Seluruh jamur termasuk kedalam dua filum, Basidiomycota dan Ascomycota yakni : Cyathus sp., Bolbitius sp., Cortinarius sp.1, Cortinarius sp.2, Entoloma sp., Cyptotrama sp., Collybia sp., Auricularia sp., Gastroboletus sp., Craterellus sp., Lentinus sp., dan Daldinia sp. Jamur yang ditemukan diketahui memiliki potensi bahan pangan, obat, mikobion pembentuk mikoriza, dan juga berperan penting sebagai dekomposer di ekosistem. Kesimpulan: Pulau Belitong memiliki kekayaan jenis jamur yang unik dan belum pernah di deskripsikan dalam bentuk laporan ilmiah. Oleh karena itu, penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan pada berbagai wilayah guna mengetahui keragaman dan potensi pemanfaaatan jamur yang ada.
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References
Acharya, K., Biswas, M. C., & Dasgupta, A. (2017). Physicochemical, Antioxidative and Cytotoxic Properties of Entoloma lividoalbum. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research, 9, 337–342.
Anon. (2005). Termitomyces mushrooms: a tropical delicacy. Mycologist, 16(1), 9. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0269-915x(07)60014-7
Arora, D. (1986). Mushrooms Demystified. USA: Teen Speed Press.
Beattie, K., Rouf, R., Gander, L., May, T., Ratkowsky, D., Donner, C., & Tiralongo, E. (2010). Antibacterial metabolites from Australian macrofungi from the genus Cortinarius. Planta Medica, 76(12). Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1264725.
Blackwell, M. (2011). The Fungi: 1, 2, 3 ... 5.1 million species? American Journal of Botany, 98(3), 426–438. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1000298.
Carlile, M. J., Watkinson, S. C., & Gooday, D. W. (2001). The Fungi. London: Academic Press.
Conley, D. (2002). The Daily Miracle: an introduction Angelini, P., Rubini, A., Gigante, D., Reale, L., Pagiotti, R., & Venanzoni, R.. 2012. The endophytic fungal communities associated with the leaves and roots of the common reed (Phragmites australis) in Lake Trasimeno (P. Fungal Ecology, 5(6), 683–693. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2012.03.001.
Dasgupta, A., Rai, M., & Acharya, K. (2015). Phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant activity of a wild edible mushroom Entoloma lividoalbum. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 8.
Desjardin, D. E., Wood, M., & Stevens, F. A. (2015). California mushrooms: The comprehensive identification guide. Portland: Oregon.
Engler, M., Anke, T., & Sterner, O. (1998). Production of Antibiotics by Collybia nivalis, Omphalotus olearius, a Favolaschia and a Pterula Species on Natural Substrates. Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C, 53(5–6), .318–324. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1998-5-604.
Gupta, A., Gomes, I., Bobeck, E. N., Fakira, A. K., Massaro, N. P., Sharma, I., & Devi, L. A. (2016). Collybolide is a novel biased agonist of κ-opioid receptors with potent antipruritic activity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 6041–6046. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1521825113
Hawksworth, D. L. (2001). The magnitude of fungal diversity: the 1.5 million species estimate revisited. Mycological Research, 105(12), 1422–1432. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953756201004725.
Kiet, T. T. (2008). Preliminary checklist of macrofungi of Vietnam. Feddes Repertorium, 109(3–4), 257–277. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19981090309.
Kosanić, M., Ranković, B., Stanojković, T., Radović-Jakovljević, M., Ćirić, A., GrujiÄić, D., & MiloÅ¡ević-Djordjević, O. (2019). Craterellus cornucopioides Edible Mushroom as Source of Biologically Active Compounds. Natural Product Communications, 14(5), 1934578 X1984361.
Krzywinski, M., Schein, J., Birol, I., Connors, J., Gascoyne, R., Horsman, D., & Marra, M. A. (2009). Circos: An information aesthetic for comparative genomics. Genome Research, 19(9), 1639–1645. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.092759.109.
Largent, D. L. (1977). How to Identify Mushrooms to Genus I: Macroscopic Features. Eureka (CA): Mad River Press Inc.
Manzi, P., Marconi, S., Aguzzi, A., & Pizzoferrato, L. (2004). Commercial mushrooms: nutritional quality and effect of cooking. Food Chemistry, 84(2), 201–206. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-8146(03)00202-4
Mueller, G. M., Schmit, J. P., Leacock, P. R., Buyck, B., Cifuentes, J., Desjardin, D. E., ... Wu, Q. (2007). Global diversity and distribution of macrofungi. Biodiversity and Conservation. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-006-9108-8.
Njogu, E., Njue, A., Omolo, J., & Cheplogoi, P. (2010). Larvicidal activity of (oxiran-2yl) methylpentanoate extracted from mushroom Cyptotrama asprata against mosquito Aedes aegypti. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 3(6). Retrieved from http://dx/doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v3i6.53134.
Pagiotti, R., Angelini, P., Rubini, A., Tirillini, B., Granetti, B., & Venanzoni, R. (2010). Identification and characterisation of human pathogenic filamentous fungi and susceptibility to Thymus schimperi essential oil. Mycoses, 54(5), .e364–e376.
Pushpa, H., Anand, M., Kasimaiah, P., & Pradeep, P. J. V. S. (2013). Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of some of the selected basidiomycetous fungi. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 4, 964–971.
Putra, I. P., Amelya, M. P., Nugara, N. H., & Zamia, H. Z. (2019). Notes of Some Macroscopic Fungi at IPB University Campus Forest: Diversity and Potency. Biota, 12(2), 57–71. Retrieved from http://doi.org/10.20414/jb.v12i2.192
Putra, I. P., Mardiyah, E., Amalia, N. S., & Mountara, A. (2017). Ragam jamur asal serasah dan tanah di Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon Indonesia. Jurnal Sumberdaya HAYATI, 3(1), 1–7.
Putra, I. P., Nasrullah, M. A., & Dinindaputri, T. A. (2019). Study on Diversity and Potency of Some Macro Mushroom at Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park. Buletin Plasma Nutfah, 25(2). Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/blpn.v25n2.2019.p1-14.
Putra, I. P., Sitompul, R., & Chalisya, N. (2018). Ragam Dan Potensi Jamur Makro Asal Taman Wisata Mekarsari Jawa Barat. Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi, 11(2), 133–150. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v11i2.6729
Retnowati, A. (2004). Notes On Diversity Of Agaricales In Gunung Halimun National Park. Berita Biologi, 7(1), 51–55.
Retnowati, A. (2007). Dua jamur Russula (Agaricales: Russulaceae) yang dapat dimakan dari Kalimantan Timur. Floribunda, 3(4), 109–112.
Retnowati, A. (2011). On collections of garlic odorous Marasmiellus ignobilis (berk. & br.) Singer from Indonesia. Floribunda, 4(2), 57–61.
Retnowati, A. (2015). Lepiota viriditincta (berk. & broome) sacc.: a species from bali with grey-green colour changing when dried. Floribunda, 5(3): 111-113., 5(3), 111–113.
See, L. S., Horak, E., Alias, S. A. binti, Zainuddin, N., Kin, T. B., Nazura, Z., & Jones, E. B. G. (2008). Checklist of Literature on Malaysian Macrofungi. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM).
Subbulaksmi, M., & Kannan, M. (2016). Cultivation and phytochemical analysis of wild mushrooms Daldinia concentrica and Pheolus schweinitzii from Tamilnadu, India. European. Journal of Experimental Biology, 6, 46–54.
Sulistiany, H., & Sudirman, L. I. (2015). Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jamur Lentinus sajor-cajuisolat LSC9 pada Media Serbuk Gergajian Kayu Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) dan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit. Jurnal Sumberdaya HAYATI, 1(2), 41–46.
Susan, D., & Retnowati, A. (2018). Catatan beberapa jamur makro dari Pulau Enggano: diversitas dan potensinya. Berita Biologi, 16(3). Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/beritabiologi.v16i3.2939.
Torres, S., Cajas, D., Palfner, G., Astuya, A., Aballay, A., Pérez, C., & Becerra, J. (2016). Steroidal composition and cytotoxic activity from fruiting body of Cortinarius xiphidipus. Natural Product Research, 31(4), 473–476. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2016.1185717.
Wei, J., Guo, W.-H., Cao, C.-Y., Kou, R.-W., Xu, Y.-Z., Górecki, M., & Gao, J.-M. (2018). Polyoxygenated cyathane diterpenoids from the mushroom Cyathus africanus, and their neurotrophic and anti-neuroinflammatory activities. Scientific Reports, 8(1). Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20472-4.
Zhu, H., He, C.-C., & Chu, Q.-H. (2011). Inhibition of quorum sensing in Chromobacterium violaceum by pigments extracted from Auricularia auricular. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 52(3), 269–274. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765x.2010.02993.x.
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Anon. (2005). Termitomyces mushrooms: a tropical delicacy. Mycologist, 16(1), 9. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0269-915x(07)60014-7
Arora, D. (1986). Mushrooms Demystified. USA: Teen Speed Press.
Beattie, K., Rouf, R., Gander, L., May, T., Ratkowsky, D., Donner, C., & Tiralongo, E. (2010). Antibacterial metabolites from Australian macrofungi from the genus Cortinarius. Planta Medica, 76(12). Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1264725.
Blackwell, M. (2011). The Fungi: 1, 2, 3 ... 5.1 million species? American Journal of Botany, 98(3), 426–438. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1000298.
Carlile, M. J., Watkinson, S. C., & Gooday, D. W. (2001). The Fungi. London: Academic Press.
Conley, D. (2002). The Daily Miracle: an introduction Angelini, P., Rubini, A., Gigante, D., Reale, L., Pagiotti, R., & Venanzoni, R.. 2012. The endophytic fungal communities associated with the leaves and roots of the common reed (Phragmites australis) in Lake Trasimeno (P. Fungal Ecology, 5(6), 683–693. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2012.03.001.
Dasgupta, A., Rai, M., & Acharya, K. (2015). Phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant activity of a wild edible mushroom Entoloma lividoalbum. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 8.
Desjardin, D. E., Wood, M., & Stevens, F. A. (2015). California mushrooms: The comprehensive identification guide. Portland: Oregon.
Engler, M., Anke, T., & Sterner, O. (1998). Production of Antibiotics by Collybia nivalis, Omphalotus olearius, a Favolaschia and a Pterula Species on Natural Substrates. Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C, 53(5–6), .318–324. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1998-5-604.
Gupta, A., Gomes, I., Bobeck, E. N., Fakira, A. K., Massaro, N. P., Sharma, I., & Devi, L. A. (2016). Collybolide is a novel biased agonist of κ-opioid receptors with potent antipruritic activity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 6041–6046. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1521825113
Hawksworth, D. L. (2001). The magnitude of fungal diversity: the 1.5 million species estimate revisited. Mycological Research, 105(12), 1422–1432. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953756201004725.
Kiet, T. T. (2008). Preliminary checklist of macrofungi of Vietnam. Feddes Repertorium, 109(3–4), 257–277. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19981090309.
Kosanić, M., Ranković, B., Stanojković, T., Radović-Jakovljević, M., Ćirić, A., GrujiÄić, D., & MiloÅ¡ević-Djordjević, O. (2019). Craterellus cornucopioides Edible Mushroom as Source of Biologically Active Compounds. Natural Product Communications, 14(5), 1934578 X1984361.
Krzywinski, M., Schein, J., Birol, I., Connors, J., Gascoyne, R., Horsman, D., & Marra, M. A. (2009). Circos: An information aesthetic for comparative genomics. Genome Research, 19(9), 1639–1645. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.092759.109.
Largent, D. L. (1977). How to Identify Mushrooms to Genus I: Macroscopic Features. Eureka (CA): Mad River Press Inc.
Manzi, P., Marconi, S., Aguzzi, A., & Pizzoferrato, L. (2004). Commercial mushrooms: nutritional quality and effect of cooking. Food Chemistry, 84(2), 201–206. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-8146(03)00202-4
Mueller, G. M., Schmit, J. P., Leacock, P. R., Buyck, B., Cifuentes, J., Desjardin, D. E., ... Wu, Q. (2007). Global diversity and distribution of macrofungi. Biodiversity and Conservation. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-006-9108-8.
Njogu, E., Njue, A., Omolo, J., & Cheplogoi, P. (2010). Larvicidal activity of (oxiran-2yl) methylpentanoate extracted from mushroom Cyptotrama asprata against mosquito Aedes aegypti. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 3(6). Retrieved from http://dx/doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v3i6.53134.
Pagiotti, R., Angelini, P., Rubini, A., Tirillini, B., Granetti, B., & Venanzoni, R. (2010). Identification and characterisation of human pathogenic filamentous fungi and susceptibility to Thymus schimperi essential oil. Mycoses, 54(5), .e364–e376.
Pushpa, H., Anand, M., Kasimaiah, P., & Pradeep, P. J. V. S. (2013). Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of some of the selected basidiomycetous fungi. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 4, 964–971.
Putra, I. P., Amelya, M. P., Nugara, N. H., & Zamia, H. Z. (2019). Notes of Some Macroscopic Fungi at IPB University Campus Forest: Diversity and Potency. Biota, 12(2), 57–71. Retrieved from http://doi.org/10.20414/jb.v12i2.192
Putra, I. P., Mardiyah, E., Amalia, N. S., & Mountara, A. (2017). Ragam jamur asal serasah dan tanah di Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon Indonesia. Jurnal Sumberdaya HAYATI, 3(1), 1–7.
Putra, I. P., Nasrullah, M. A., & Dinindaputri, T. A. (2019). Study on Diversity and Potency of Some Macro Mushroom at Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park. Buletin Plasma Nutfah, 25(2). Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/blpn.v25n2.2019.p1-14.
Putra, I. P., Sitompul, R., & Chalisya, N. (2018). Ragam Dan Potensi Jamur Makro Asal Taman Wisata Mekarsari Jawa Barat. Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi, 11(2), 133–150. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v11i2.6729
Retnowati, A. (2004). Notes On Diversity Of Agaricales In Gunung Halimun National Park. Berita Biologi, 7(1), 51–55.
Retnowati, A. (2007). Dua jamur Russula (Agaricales: Russulaceae) yang dapat dimakan dari Kalimantan Timur. Floribunda, 3(4), 109–112.
Retnowati, A. (2011). On collections of garlic odorous Marasmiellus ignobilis (berk. & br.) Singer from Indonesia. Floribunda, 4(2), 57–61.
Retnowati, A. (2015). Lepiota viriditincta (berk. & broome) sacc.: a species from bali with grey-green colour changing when dried. Floribunda, 5(3): 111-113., 5(3), 111–113.
See, L. S., Horak, E., Alias, S. A. binti, Zainuddin, N., Kin, T. B., Nazura, Z., & Jones, E. B. G. (2008). Checklist of Literature on Malaysian Macrofungi. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM).
Subbulaksmi, M., & Kannan, M. (2016). Cultivation and phytochemical analysis of wild mushrooms Daldinia concentrica and Pheolus schweinitzii from Tamilnadu, India. European. Journal of Experimental Biology, 6, 46–54.
Sulistiany, H., & Sudirman, L. I. (2015). Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jamur Lentinus sajor-cajuisolat LSC9 pada Media Serbuk Gergajian Kayu Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) dan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit. Jurnal Sumberdaya HAYATI, 1(2), 41–46.
Susan, D., & Retnowati, A. (2018). Catatan beberapa jamur makro dari Pulau Enggano: diversitas dan potensinya. Berita Biologi, 16(3). Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/beritabiologi.v16i3.2939.
Torres, S., Cajas, D., Palfner, G., Astuya, A., Aballay, A., Pérez, C., & Becerra, J. (2016). Steroidal composition and cytotoxic activity from fruiting body of Cortinarius xiphidipus. Natural Product Research, 31(4), 473–476. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2016.1185717.
Wei, J., Guo, W.-H., Cao, C.-Y., Kou, R.-W., Xu, Y.-Z., Górecki, M., & Gao, J.-M. (2018). Polyoxygenated cyathane diterpenoids from the mushroom Cyathus africanus, and their neurotrophic and anti-neuroinflammatory activities. Scientific Reports, 8(1). Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20472-4.
Zhu, H., He, C.-C., & Chu, Q.-H. (2011). Inhibition of quorum sensing in Chromobacterium violaceum by pigments extracted from Auricularia auricular. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 52(3), 269–274. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765x.2010.02993.x.
Authors
Putra, I. P. (2020). Catatan Beberapa Jamur Makro di Pulau Belitong: Deskripsi dan Potensinya. BIOEDUSCIENCE, 4(1), 11–20. https://doi.org/10.29405/j.bes/4111-204416
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