Publication Ethics

                                                                                                                                                

Ethical Guidelines

Publishing an article in a peer-reviewed REB is essential in developing a coherent and respected knowledge network. It directly reflects the quality of the authors' work and the institutions that support them. Peer-reviewed articles support and embody the scientific method. This journal follows guidelines from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) facing all aspects of publication ethics, mainly how to handle research and publication misconduct cases. For information detail about COPE, please click here.

This statement clarifies the ethical behavior of all parties involved in publishing an article in this journal, including the author, the Editor-in-Chief, the Editorial Board, the peer-reviewer, and the publisher. Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka as the publisher of REB, takes its duties of guardianship over all stages of publishing seriously, and we recognize our ethical and other responsibilities. We are committed to ensuring that advertising, reprint, or other commercial revenue has no impact or influence on editorial decisions.

                                                                                                                                                

Publication Decisions

The editor of the REB is responsible for deciding which of the articles submitted to the journal should be published. The validation of the work in question and its importance to researchers and readers must always drive such decisions. The editors may be guided by the policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements as shall then be in force regarding libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism. The editors may confer with other editors or reviewers in making this decision.

                                                                                                                                                

Conflicts of Interest

Conflict of Interest must be stated clearly (during submission) to make sure that you have accurate information on potential interests. A declared conflict of interest will not automatically result in the rejection of a paper but the editors reserve the right to publish any declared conflict of interest alongside the acceptance.

Principles:

  • Conflicts of interest (CoI) comprise those that may not be fully apparent and may influence the judgment of the author, reviewers, and editors. They have been described as those that, when revealed later, would make a reasonable reader feel misled or deceived. They may be personal, commercial, political, academic, or financial. 
  • "Conflict of Interest" is required for all types of submissions.
  • Authors are expected to provide detailed information about any relevant financial interests or conflicts within the past five years and for the foreseeable future.
  • Authors with no relevant financial interests are asked to provide a statement indicating that they have no financial interests related to the material in the manuscript.

                                                                                                                                                

Disclaimer

The Editors of REB make every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the Content) in its publications. However, the Editors of REB make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability of any purpose of the Content and disclaim all such representations and warranties, whether express or implied, to the maximum extent permitted by law. Any views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the Editors of REB.

                                                                                                                                                

Human Rights

Authors reporting the experimental studies on human subjects must include a statement of assurance in the Materials and Methods section of the manuscript that:

  1. The informed consent was obtained from each participant included in the study,
  2. The study protocol is consistent with the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki, as reflected in prior approval by the institution's human research committee.

Every experimental or clinical study may raise controversial ethical issues (e.g., Institutional Ethical Approval to study animal or human subjects). Thus, the journal editorial board expects all authors, reviewers, and editors to consider the COPE and Equator Network reporting guidelines in medical ethics plus scientific writing. If any, authors should state related declaration(s); otherwise, the following sentence should be given: None be declared.

                                                                                                                                                

Animal Rights

Principles:

  • In the studies using animal experimentation, assurance must be provided that all animals received humane care according to the criteria outlined in the "Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals" prepared by the National Academy of Sciences and published by the National Institutes of Health (NIH publication 86-23 revised 1985). 
  • When researching animals, we commit to the Basel Declaration, which outlines fundamental and ethical guidelines at the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science (ICLAS).
  • Writing an ethical approval code for all of our submissions, including those with animal experiences, is REQUIRED during submission. Otherwise, we must "Fast Reject" those submissions in the early screening step.
  • During "Submission", the author must fill out the ethical approval code.

The author(s) must get ethical permission from their institute to publish an article in a research journal. With this permission, the authors will agree upon standard ethical behavior.

  • "Ethical Approval Code" is required for all studies on people, medical records, and human samples.
  • This code must be linked to a webpage showing approval details.
  • The authors' local authorities must approve the code. For example, the national center of Ethics or the ethics department of universities.

                                                                                                                                                

Ethical Approval Code

Before starting a research project involving human participants or personal data, you must apply for ethical approval from one of the University's research ethics committees. The information you asked for by your local committee will depend on your discipline and the type of research that you intend to do.

                                                                                                                                                

Type of manuscripts are required to declare an Ethical Approval

The below table describes the requirement for approval codes in different types of manuscripts.

Manuscript Type   Ethical Approval Code  
Research Articles                                                             
  • Interventional (on Human participants)
                       required* 
  • Interventional (on Animal participants)
                       required *
  • In vitro studies
                     optional **
  • Real retrospective studies
                     optional
Systematic Review/Meta-Analysis/Scoping Review                         non

Table notes:

  • *: Veterinary clinical cases: A high standard (best practice) of veterinary care and an informed client consent statement should be included in the Materials and Methods section for studies using client-owned animals.
  • *: Animal Studies: The ethical review committee approval and the international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for animal welfare are strongly required in these types of studies.
  • **: In vitro studies on human or animal tissues must show an "ethical approval code."

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