Plagiarism Policy

Similarity Rate in RED:

The similarity score shows the percentage of plagiarized content in a research paper. In the RED, we examine our submitted manuscripts using Turnitin databases with a tolerance of 25%.

Responsibility of Authors for checking any similarity before submission:

The authors should ensure that they have written entirely original works, and if the authors have used the work and/or words of others, this has been appropriately cited or quoted. Authors must not use the words, figures, or ideas of others without attribution. All sources must be cited at the point they are used, and the reuse of wording must be limited and be attributed or quoted in the text. RED uses Turnitin to detect submissions that overlap with published and submitted manuscripts. Editors can see our Similarity Check page for more information on interpreting these reports. Reviewers can review the manuscript after completing the attachment of Plagiarism software and stating that article at least 25% is the origin.

Role of Reviewers in Detecting the Similarities in a Manuscript:

We recommend reviewers in the peer review process thoroughly check and control the similarities and guide authors to avoid similarities with other published materials. Reviewers and associate editors need to check the files based on the screening done by the publisher.

What is the acceptance level of similarity in RED?

There is no pre-defined accepted level of similarity since any sentence in a research paper must be unique with new findings. We believe science does not need to be repeated even in one sentence.
In some cases, we don't accept those with more than a 25 % similarity rate.
We accept all terms and conditions of the COPE regarding similarity rates and plagiarism, and in case any attempt for plagiarism accompanied with convincing evidence is considered. Accordingly, we act based on the flowcharts and workflows by the COPE.
The Editor holds the highest responsibility to control and avoid plagiarism.
"Fast reject," "Reject," "Withdraw," and "Retraction" are our approaches for those articles with high similarity rates.

We are checking all manuscripts using Turnitin in at least 2 essential steps:

Early submission: Our online system detects automatic submissions with high similarity rates and prevents submitting them.
Before the primary stage of publishing: We will check all accepted manuscripts again before starting the publishing process (during collection).

If a manuscript has over 25% plagiarism based on the result of Plagiarism software, we will send the manuscript back to the author to be revised for the plagiarised contents. The following are the tools to support our checker: