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Abstract
The study analyzes the discourse on terrorism in the Newsweek magazine and exposes how the notion of ideology and power contributes to the hegemonic representations of Muslims and Islam in the post 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Centre (WTC). Two Newsweek articles appeared on the 24th September 2001 were selected. The study employed Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA); this is a five-stage analytical methodology that perceives language within a three-dimensional framework: text, discourse, and society. The representation of discourse on terrorism, as found in the analysis, supports a conception that media coverage is not merely the representation of facts but also that of ideas which has gone through various considerations incorporating the three key notions of text, discourse and society altogether. The elements within the textual level and discourse level were ideologically used to represent terrorism with regard to its actor, process, and goal, constituting a commonsense as to how it should be perceived. The study concluded that the representation of discourse on terrorism in Newsweek during the post 9/11 period was perceived from what Chomsky considers as the propagandistic approach.
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References
- Ahmed, A. S. (1992). Postmodernism and Islam: Predicament and promise. London: Routledge.
- Ahmed, A. S. (2003). America and the challenge of Islam. The Hedgehog Review, 5 (1), 19-31.
- Bergen, P. L. (2001). Holy war, Inc.: Inside the secret world of Osama bin Laden. London: Weidenfield & Nicolson.
- Chomsky, N. (1975). Syntactic structures. The Hague: Monte de Gruyter.
- Chomsky, N. (1997). Aspects of the theory of syntax. Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
- Esposito, J. L. (1992). The Islamic threat: Myth or reality? Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Fairclough, N., & Chouliaraki, L. (2001). Discourse in late modernity: Rethinking critical discourse analysis. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
- Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. New York: Longman.
- Fowler, R. (1991). Language in the news: Discourse and ideology in the press. London: Routledge.
- Fox, J. (2001). Chomsky and globalization. UK: Icon Books Ltd.
- George, A. (Ed.). (1991). Western state terrorism. Cambridge: Polity Press.
- Halliday, M. A. K. (1979). Language as social semiotic: The social interpretation of language and meaning. London: Edward Arnold Ltd.
- Herman, E. S. (1992). Beyond hypocrisy: Decoding the news in an age of propaganda. Boston: South End Press.
- Hornby, A. S. (1995). Oxford advanced learner's dictionary of current English. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Huntington, Samuel P. (2003) America in the world. The Hedgehog Review, 5 (1), 7-18.
- Karim, K. H. (1997). The Historical resilience of primary stereotypes: Core images of the Muslim other. Ino Riggins, Stephen Harold. The Language and Politics of Exclusion: Others in Discourse. California: Sage Publications, Inc.
- Karim, K. H. (2000). Islamic peril: Media and global violence. Montreal: Black Rose.
- Karim, K. H. (2002). Making sense of "Islamic peril”: Journalism as cultural practice. In B. Zelizer & S. Barbie (Eds.), Journalism after September 11. London: Routledge.
- Mousalli, A. S. (1998). Islamic fundamentalism: Myths and realities. UK: Ithaca Press.
- Pillar, P. R. (2001). Terrorism and US foreign policy. Washington: Brookings Institution Press
- Poole, E. (2002). Reporting Islam: Media representations of British Muslims. New York: I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd.
- Radford, A. (1997). Syntactic theory and the structure of English: A minimalist approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Sardar, Z & Davies, M. W. (2002). Why do people hate America? UK: Icon Books Ltd.
- Silberstein, S. (2002). Wars of words: Language, politics and 9/11. London: Routledge.
- Wetherell, M. Taylor, S. Yates, S. J. (Eds.). (2001). Discourse as data: A guide for analysis. London: Sage Publications Inc.
- Winston, M. (2002). On Chomsky. Belmont: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning, Inc.
References
Ahmed, A. S. (1992). Postmodernism and Islam: Predicament and promise. London: Routledge.
Ahmed, A. S. (2003). America and the challenge of Islam. The Hedgehog Review, 5 (1), 19-31.
Bergen, P. L. (2001). Holy war, Inc.: Inside the secret world of Osama bin Laden. London: Weidenfield & Nicolson.
Chomsky, N. (1975). Syntactic structures. The Hague: Monte de Gruyter.
Chomsky, N. (1997). Aspects of the theory of syntax. Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
Esposito, J. L. (1992). The Islamic threat: Myth or reality? Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Fairclough, N., & Chouliaraki, L. (2001). Discourse in late modernity: Rethinking critical discourse analysis. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. New York: Longman.
Fowler, R. (1991). Language in the news: Discourse and ideology in the press. London: Routledge.
Fox, J. (2001). Chomsky and globalization. UK: Icon Books Ltd.
George, A. (Ed.). (1991). Western state terrorism. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Halliday, M. A. K. (1979). Language as social semiotic: The social interpretation of language and meaning. London: Edward Arnold Ltd.
Herman, E. S. (1992). Beyond hypocrisy: Decoding the news in an age of propaganda. Boston: South End Press.
Hornby, A. S. (1995). Oxford advanced learner's dictionary of current English. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Huntington, Samuel P. (2003) America in the world. The Hedgehog Review, 5 (1), 7-18.
Karim, K. H. (1997). The Historical resilience of primary stereotypes: Core images of the Muslim other. Ino Riggins, Stephen Harold. The Language and Politics of Exclusion: Others in Discourse. California: Sage Publications, Inc.
Karim, K. H. (2000). Islamic peril: Media and global violence. Montreal: Black Rose.
Karim, K. H. (2002). Making sense of "Islamic peril”: Journalism as cultural practice. In B. Zelizer & S. Barbie (Eds.), Journalism after September 11. London: Routledge.
Mousalli, A. S. (1998). Islamic fundamentalism: Myths and realities. UK: Ithaca Press.
Pillar, P. R. (2001). Terrorism and US foreign policy. Washington: Brookings Institution Press
Poole, E. (2002). Reporting Islam: Media representations of British Muslims. New York: I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd.
Radford, A. (1997). Syntactic theory and the structure of English: A minimalist approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sardar, Z & Davies, M. W. (2002). Why do people hate America? UK: Icon Books Ltd.
Silberstein, S. (2002). Wars of words: Language, politics and 9/11. London: Routledge.
Wetherell, M. Taylor, S. Yates, S. J. (Eds.). (2001). Discourse as data: A guide for analysis. London: Sage Publications Inc.
Winston, M. (2002). On Chomsky. Belmont: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning, Inc.