HUBUNGAN PENGELUARAN, SKOR POLA PANGAN HARAPAN (PPH) KELUARGA, DAN TINGKAT KONSUMSI ENERGI-PROTEIN DENGAN STATUS GIZI BALITA USIA 2-5 TAHUN

Abstract

ABSTRAK
Masalah gizi merupakan masalah kompleks yang dapat dilihat dari berbagai
faktor penyebab langsung dan tidak langsung terjadinya masalah gizi kurang yang
digambarkan dalam kerangka pikir UNICEF (1998). Penelitian ini merupakan
penelitian Cross Sectional. Persentase terbesar ada pada tingkat pendapatan lebih
atau sama dengan Rp1.236.991,00/bulan sebesar 92,1% dan sebesar 7,9% dengan
tingkat pendapatan kurang dari Rp1.236.991,00/bulan. Berdasarkan indeks BB/U,
sebesar 85,5% responden mempunyai status gizi baik, status gizi buruk sebesar 3,9%,
status gizi kurang sebesar 9,2%, dan status gizi lebih sebesar 1,3%. Berdasarkan
indeks TB/U, balita yang mempunyai tinggi badan normal lebih banyak
dibandingkan yang tidak normal (72,4%), sangat pendek (13,2%), pendek (11,8%),
dan tinggi (2,6%). Sebagian besar responden mempunyai asupan energi yang kurang
(53,9%). Sebesar 36,8% mempunyai asupan protein lebih, asupan protein baik
sebesar 28,9%, dan asupan protein kurang sebesar 34,2%. Sebagian besar (93,4%)
responden hidup dalam keluarga dengan tingkat sosial ekonomi mampu. Hampir
seluruh (97,4%) responden memiliki skor pola pangan harapan tidak ideal. Umur,
jenis kelamin, jumlah anggota keluarga, pendidikan ayah, pekerjaan ayah, pekerjaan
ibu, asupan energi, dan asupan protein tidak berhubungan dengan status gizi balita
(BB/U). Tidak ada hubungan antara total sosial ekonomi dan skor PPH dengan
status gizi balita (TB/U). Pendidikan ibu dan pendapatan keluarga berhubungan
dengan status gizi balita (BB/U).

Kata kunci: Status gizi, PPH, Tingkat konsumsi energi protein
ABSTRACT
Nutritional problem was a complex problem that could be viewed from a variety of
factors directly and indirectly causes the problem of malnutrition is described in the frame of
UNICEF (1998). The objective of study was to determine the relationship of food
expenditure, score of Food Pattern Expectancy (PPH), and the level of energy protein
consumption and nutritional status of children aged 2-5/year. This research used cross
sectional study. Percentages on income level was greater than or equal to
Rp1.236.991,00/month amounted to 92,1% and 7,9% with income of less than Rp
1,236,991/month. Based on index of W/A, 85,5% of respondents had a good nutritional
status, poor nutritional status of 3,9%, moderate status of 9,2%, and 1,3% overweight.
Children under 5 years old had normal height more than stunting. Most of the respondents

had less energy intake (53,9%), 36,8% had more protein intake, protein intake adequate of
28,9%, and protein intake was less by 34,2%. Most of the respondents (93,4%) had a good
socio-economic level. The family that had ideally food pattern expectancy were 2,6% and
97,4% not ideal which is the ideal PPH score> 100%. There was no relationship between age,
sex, number of family members, father's education, father's occupation, mother's occupation,
energy intake, and protein intake with nutritional status (W/A). There was no correlation
between the total score of PPH, socioeconomic, and nutritional status (H/A). The statistical
test found that there was a relationship between maternal education and family income with
infant nutritional status (W/A).

Keywords: Nutritional status, Food Pattern Expectancy, Energy protein consumption level