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Submitted
April 22, 2019
Accepted
August 26, 2019
Published
August 26, 2019
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Abstract
The English language is one of the compulsory subjects in both primary and secondary schools in Malaysia. In the case of motivation in teaching and/or learning English, there has been an increase on the research on motivation in language teaching, i.e. teachers' motivation but little attention is given to language teachers' motivation in higher education institutions (HIEs). This was a pilot case study to gain a better understanding of the HIEs language teachers‘perceptions on the importance and the frequency of usage of the motivational strategies. The method used for data collection was online questionnaire from 17 English language teachers from 4 public universities in Malaysia. The findings from this pilot study were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics and they revealed that they perceived the motivational strategies as important and implemented those strategies in their English classes. Besides that, those who perceived high importance of motivational strategies reported high frequency of implementing strategies as well. It is hoped that this pilot study managed to fulfil the knowledge gap on the lack of information about language teachers' motivation in HIEs and could be used to promote further research in this area in a larger range of HIEs across Malaysia.
Article Details
How to Cite
Omar, S., & Azim, N. A. F. N. (2019). The Disposition of Motivational Strategies among English Language Teachers in Public Universities in Malaysia. Journal of ELT Research: The Academic Journal of Studies in English Language Teaching and Learning, 4(2), 140–151. https://doi.org/10.22236/JER_Vol4Issue2pp56-68
References
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Al-Mahrooqi, R., Abrar-ul-Hassan, S. & Asante, C. (2012). Analyzing the Use of Motivational Strategies by EFL Teachers in Oman. Malaysian Journal of ELT Research, Vol. 8 (1), 36-76.
Bernaus, M., Wilson, A. and Gardner, R.C. (2009) Teachers' Motivation, Classroom Strategy Use, Students' Motivation and Second Language Achievement. Porta Linguarum, 12, 25-36.
Brophy, J. E. (1979) Teacher behavior and its effects. Journal of Educational Psychology, 71(6), 733-750. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.71.6.733
Cheng, H.F. and Dörnyei, Z. (2007) The Use of Motivational Strategies in Language Instruction: The Case of EFL Teaching in Taiwan. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 1 (1), 153-174.
de Jesus, Saul Neves and Lens, W. (2005). An Integrated Model for the Study of Teacher Motivation. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 54 (1), 119–134.
Dörnyei, Z. (1994a). Motivation and Motivating in the Foreign Language Classroom. Modern Language Journal, 78,273-84.
Dörnyei, Z. (2001) Motivational Strategies in the Language Classroom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
English Language Education Roadmap (2015) Ministry of Education, Malaysia.
Gagné, M. N and Deci, E. L. (2005) Self-determination theory and work motivation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26, 331–362. DOI: 10.1002/job.322
Guilloteaux, M.J. and Dörnyei, Z. (2008) Motivating Language Learners: A Classroom-oriented Investigation of the Effects of Motivational Strategies on Student Motivation. TESOL Quarterly 42 (1), 55-77.
Guilloteaux, M.-J., Motivational strategies for the language classroom: Perceptions of Korean secondary school English teachers, System (2013), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2012.12.002
Masgoret, A.M. and Gardner, R. C. (2003) Attitudes, Motivation and Second Language Learning: A Meta-Analysis of Studies. Language Learning, 53 (1), 123-163.
MEF (2009) Facing the Realities of the World of Work. Malaysian Employers Federation, Malaysia.
Prestariang (2011) English Competency for Employment: Actualizing Industry Needs with the Proficiency in Enterprise Communication. White Paper for the Malaysian Government.
Ruesch, A. (2009) Student and Teacher Perceptions of Motivational Strategies in the Foreign Language Classroom. Unpublished master thesis. Brigham Young University, US
Salı, P. (2013) Understanding Motivations to Become Teachers of English: ELT Trainees' Perceptions. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences. 93 (21), 1418-1422.
Skinner, E. And Belmont, M. J. (1993). Motivation in the classroom: Reciprocal effect of teacher behavior and student engagement across the school year. Journal of Educational Psychology. 85 (4), 571-581. DOI:10.1037/0022-0663.85.4.571.
Visser-Wijnveen, G. J., Stes, A. and Van Petegem, P. (2012) Clustering Teachers' Motivations for Teaching. Teaching in Higher Education. 19 (6), 644-656. | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2014.901953
Walker, C. (2011) Managing Student Motivation through Teaching Performance. Unpublished assignment. University of Birmingham, UK.
Watt, H.M.G. and Richardson, P.W. (2015) Teacher Motivation. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2 (24), 64-71.
Yau, H. Y. (2010) Language teacher motivation: A study of teachers of English as a Second Language (ESL) in New Zealand language schools. Unpublished master thesis. Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand.
References
Al-Mahrooqi, R., Abrar-ul-Hassan, S. & Asante, C. (2012). Analyzing the Use of Motivational Strategies by EFL Teachers in Oman. Malaysian Journal of ELT Research, Vol. 8 (1), 36-76.
Bernaus, M., Wilson, A. and Gardner, R.C. (2009) Teachers' Motivation, Classroom Strategy Use, Students' Motivation and Second Language Achievement. Porta Linguarum, 12, 25-36.
Brophy, J. E. (1979) Teacher behavior and its effects. Journal of Educational Psychology, 71(6), 733-750. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.71.6.733
Cheng, H.F. and Dörnyei, Z. (2007) The Use of Motivational Strategies in Language Instruction: The Case of EFL Teaching in Taiwan. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 1 (1), 153-174.
de Jesus, Saul Neves and Lens, W. (2005). An Integrated Model for the Study of Teacher Motivation. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 54 (1), 119–134.
Dörnyei, Z. (1994a). Motivation and Motivating in the Foreign Language Classroom. Modern Language Journal, 78,273-84.
Dörnyei, Z. (2001) Motivational Strategies in the Language Classroom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
English Language Education Roadmap (2015) Ministry of Education, Malaysia.
Gagné, M. N and Deci, E. L. (2005) Self-determination theory and work motivation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26, 331–362. DOI: 10.1002/job.322
Guilloteaux, M.J. and Dörnyei, Z. (2008) Motivating Language Learners: A Classroom-oriented Investigation of the Effects of Motivational Strategies on Student Motivation. TESOL Quarterly 42 (1), 55-77.
Guilloteaux, M.-J., Motivational strategies for the language classroom: Perceptions of Korean secondary school English teachers, System (2013), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2012.12.002
Masgoret, A.M. and Gardner, R. C. (2003) Attitudes, Motivation and Second Language Learning: A Meta-Analysis of Studies. Language Learning, 53 (1), 123-163.
MEF (2009) Facing the Realities of the World of Work. Malaysian Employers Federation, Malaysia.
Prestariang (2011) English Competency for Employment: Actualizing Industry Needs with the Proficiency in Enterprise Communication. White Paper for the Malaysian Government.
Ruesch, A. (2009) Student and Teacher Perceptions of Motivational Strategies in the Foreign Language Classroom. Unpublished master thesis. Brigham Young University, US
Salı, P. (2013) Understanding Motivations to Become Teachers of English: ELT Trainees' Perceptions. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences. 93 (21), 1418-1422.
Skinner, E. And Belmont, M. J. (1993). Motivation in the classroom: Reciprocal effect of teacher behavior and student engagement across the school year. Journal of Educational Psychology. 85 (4), 571-581. DOI:10.1037/0022-0663.85.4.571.
Visser-Wijnveen, G. J., Stes, A. and Van Petegem, P. (2012) Clustering Teachers' Motivations for Teaching. Teaching in Higher Education. 19 (6), 644-656. | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2014.901953
Walker, C. (2011) Managing Student Motivation through Teaching Performance. Unpublished assignment. University of Birmingham, UK.
Watt, H.M.G. and Richardson, P.W. (2015) Teacher Motivation. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2 (24), 64-71.
Yau, H. Y. (2010) Language teacher motivation: A study of teachers of English as a Second Language (ESL) in New Zealand language schools. Unpublished master thesis. Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand.
Bernaus, M., Wilson, A. and Gardner, R.C. (2009) Teachers' Motivation, Classroom Strategy Use, Students' Motivation and Second Language Achievement. Porta Linguarum, 12, 25-36.
Brophy, J. E. (1979) Teacher behavior and its effects. Journal of Educational Psychology, 71(6), 733-750. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.71.6.733
Cheng, H.F. and Dörnyei, Z. (2007) The Use of Motivational Strategies in Language Instruction: The Case of EFL Teaching in Taiwan. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 1 (1), 153-174.
de Jesus, Saul Neves and Lens, W. (2005). An Integrated Model for the Study of Teacher Motivation. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 54 (1), 119–134.
Dörnyei, Z. (1994a). Motivation and Motivating in the Foreign Language Classroom. Modern Language Journal, 78,273-84.
Dörnyei, Z. (2001) Motivational Strategies in the Language Classroom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
English Language Education Roadmap (2015) Ministry of Education, Malaysia.
Gagné, M. N and Deci, E. L. (2005) Self-determination theory and work motivation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26, 331–362. DOI: 10.1002/job.322
Guilloteaux, M.J. and Dörnyei, Z. (2008) Motivating Language Learners: A Classroom-oriented Investigation of the Effects of Motivational Strategies on Student Motivation. TESOL Quarterly 42 (1), 55-77.
Guilloteaux, M.-J., Motivational strategies for the language classroom: Perceptions of Korean secondary school English teachers, System (2013), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2012.12.002
Masgoret, A.M. and Gardner, R. C. (2003) Attitudes, Motivation and Second Language Learning: A Meta-Analysis of Studies. Language Learning, 53 (1), 123-163.
MEF (2009) Facing the Realities of the World of Work. Malaysian Employers Federation, Malaysia.
Prestariang (2011) English Competency for Employment: Actualizing Industry Needs with the Proficiency in Enterprise Communication. White Paper for the Malaysian Government.
Ruesch, A. (2009) Student and Teacher Perceptions of Motivational Strategies in the Foreign Language Classroom. Unpublished master thesis. Brigham Young University, US
Salı, P. (2013) Understanding Motivations to Become Teachers of English: ELT Trainees' Perceptions. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences. 93 (21), 1418-1422.
Skinner, E. And Belmont, M. J. (1993). Motivation in the classroom: Reciprocal effect of teacher behavior and student engagement across the school year. Journal of Educational Psychology. 85 (4), 571-581. DOI:10.1037/0022-0663.85.4.571.
Visser-Wijnveen, G. J., Stes, A. and Van Petegem, P. (2012) Clustering Teachers' Motivations for Teaching. Teaching in Higher Education. 19 (6), 644-656. | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2014.901953
Walker, C. (2011) Managing Student Motivation through Teaching Performance. Unpublished assignment. University of Birmingham, UK.
Watt, H.M.G. and Richardson, P.W. (2015) Teacher Motivation. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2 (24), 64-71.
Yau, H. Y. (2010) Language teacher motivation: A study of teachers of English as a Second Language (ESL) in New Zealand language schools. Unpublished master thesis. Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand.