Deteksi Risiko Stroke Dan Edukasi Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Primer Terjadinya Stroke

Erfin Firmawati; Erna Rochmawati; Ismail Setyopranoto

doi:10.22236/solma.v12i2.11834

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13 June 2023

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2 August 2023

Published

11 August 2023

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Abstract

Latar belakang. Stroke adalah penyakit neurovaskular yang merupakan penyakit ketiga terbanyak dan penyebab kematian kedua di dunia. Prevalensi stroke di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan. Meningkatnya prevalensi stroke dapat disebabkan oleh pencegahan stroke yang rendah. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku pencegahan stroke adalah pengetahuan dan kesadaran. Upaya untuk mengurangi kejadian stroke adalah pencegahan primer. Metode. Pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan di Kendangan, Caturharjo Sleman yang meliputi dua kegiatan. Kegiatan pertama adalah deteksi risiko stroke menggunakan Stroke Risk Scorecard, pemeriksaan tekanan darah, berat badan, pengukuran glukosa darah dan kadar kolesterol. Deteksi risiko stroke diikuti oleh 67 orang. Kegiatan kedua adalah pemberikan edukasi kesehatan tentang pencegahan stroke. Hasil. Hasil deteksi faktor risiko menemukan bahwa orang yang berisiko tinggi terkena stroke berjumlah 4 orang (6%), dan 63 orang berisiko rendah terkena stroke (94%). Orang dengan hipertensi 31 (46%), hiperkolesterolemia 26 (38%), merokok 7 (10%), tidak pernah berolahraga 50 (74%), dan overwigth7 (10%). Pendidikan stroke diikuti oleh 36 orang. Pengetahuan meningkat setelah diberikan pendidikan (skor 15) dengan skor pre-test rata-rata 59,41 (min-max 20-100) dan post-test 74,41 (min-max 30-100). Kesimpulan. Sebagian besar masyarakat memiliki resiko rendah terkena stroke. Edukasi deteksi risiko stroke dan pencegahan primer merupakan upaya penting untuk mencegah stroke, sehingga dianjurkan untuk dilakukan secara terus menerus.

Keywords

Deteksi Risiko Edukasi Pencegahan Primer Stroke deteksi risiko edukasi pencegahan primer stroke

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

© 2022 Oleh authors. Lisensi Jurnal Solma, LPPM-Uhamka, Jakarta. Artikel ini bersifat open access yang didistribusikan di bawah syarat dan ketentuan Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

How to Cite

Firmawati, E., Rochmawati, E., & Setyopranoto, I. (2023). Deteksi Risiko Stroke Dan Edukasi Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Primer Terjadinya Stroke . Jurnal SOLMA, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.22236/solma.v12i2.11834

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References

Bam, K., Olaiya, M. T., Cadilhac, D. A., Donnan, G. A., Murphy, L., & Kilkenny, M. F. (2022). Enhancing primary stroke prevention: A combination approach. The Lancet Public Health, 7(8), e721-e724. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00156-6
Benjamin, E. J., Muntner, P., Alonso, A., Bittencourt, M. S., Callaway, C. W., Carson, A. P., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Das, S. R., Delling, F. N., Djousse, L., Elkind, M. S. V., Ferguson, J. F., Fornage, M., Jordan, L. C., Khan, S. S., Kissela, B. M., Knutson, K. L., Kwan, T. W., Lackland, D. T., Lewis, T. T., Lichtman, J. H., Longenecker, C. T., Loop, M. S., Lutsey, P. L., Martin, S. S., Matsushita, K., Moran, A. E., Mussolino, M. E., O'Flaherty, M., Pandey, A., Perak, A. M., Rosamond, W. D., Roth, G. A., Sampson, U. K. A., Satou, G. M., Schroeder, E. B., Shah, S. H., Spartano, N. L., Stokes, A., Tirschwell, D. L., Tsao, C. W., Turakhia, M. P., VanWagner, L. B., Wilkins, J. T., Wong, S. S., & Virani, S. S. (2019). Heart disease and stroke statistics-2019 update: A report from the american heart association. Circulation, 139(10), e56-e528. https://doi.org/10.1161/cir.0000000000000659
Boden-Albala, B., & Quarles, L. W. (2013). Education strategies for stroke prevention. Stroke, 44(6 Suppl 1), S48-51. https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.111.000396
Boehme, A. K., Esenwa, C., & Elkind, M. S. V. (2017). Stroke risk factors, genetics and prevention. Circulation Research, 120, 472-495.
Brunström, M., Ng, N., Dahlström, J., Lindholm, L. H., Norberg, M., Nyström, L., Weinehall, L., & Carlberg, B. (2022). Association of education and feedback on hypertension management with risk for stroke and cardiovascular disease. Blood Pressure, 31(1), 31-39. https://doi.org/10.1080/08037051.2022.2041393
Dar, N. Z., Khan, S. A., Ahmad, A., & Maqsood, S. (2019). Awareness of stroke and health-seeking practices among hypertensive patients in a tertiary care hospital: A cross-sectional survey. Cureus, 11(5), e4774. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.4774
Feigin. (2021). Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2019: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019. Lancet Neurol, 20(10), 795-820. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(21)00252-0
Hou, S.-I. (2014). Health education:Theoretical concepts, effective strategies and core competencies. Health Promotion Practice, 15(5), 619-621. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524839914538045
Jeon, M. Y., & Jeong, H. (2015). Effects of a stroke primary prevention program on risk factors for at-home elderly. Med Sci Monit, 21, 3696-3703. https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.895519
Kementrian Kesehatan. (2018). Riskesdas 2018. Kementrian Kesehatan Retrieved 28 Desember from
Khan, F., Gaowgzeh, R. A. M., Saif, A. A., Chevidikunnan, M. F., Soman, A., Mazi, A., BinMulayh, E., Sahu, K. S., & Anjamparuthikal, H. (2021). Effect of community education program on stroke symptoms and treatment on school and college students from south india: A longitudinal observational study. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 9(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9121637
Meschia, J. F., Bushnell, C., Boden-Albala, B., Braun, L. T., Bravata, D. M., Chaturvedi, S., Creager, M. A., Eckel, R. H., Elkind, M. S., Fornage, M., Goldstein, L. B., Greenberg, S. M., Horvath, S. E., Iadecola, C., Jauch, E. C., Moore, W. S., & Wilson, J. A. (2014). Guidelines for the primary prevention of stroke: A statement for healthcare professionals from the american heart association/american stroke association. Stroke, 45(12), 3754-3832. https://doi.org/10.1161/str.0000000000000046
Sarfo, F. S., Akinyemi, J. O., Obiako, R., Nichols, M., Fakunle, A. G., Adusei, N., Ampofo, M., Arulogun, O., Jenkins, C., Akpa, O. M., Aribisala, B., Abdulrasaq, S., Akinyemi, R., Ovbiagele, B., & Owolabi, M. O. (2023). Effect of an educational intervention for primary stroke risk reduction in ghana and nigeria: Pilot randomized controlled trial. Stroke, 54(6), 1660-1664. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.123.042618
Schubbe, D., Scalia, P., Yen, R. W., Saunders, C. H., Cohen, S., Elwyn, G., van den Muijsenbergh, M., & Durand, M. A. (2020). Using pictures to convey health information: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects on patient and consumer health behaviors and outcomes. Patient Education and Counseling, 103(10), 1935-1960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2020.04.010
Setyopranoto, I., Upoyo, A. S., Isworo, A., Sari, Y., & Vidyanti, A. N. (2022). Awareness of being at risk of stroke and its determinant factors among hypertensive patients in banyumas, indonesia. Stroke Res Treat, 2022, 4891134. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4891134
Taft, K., Laing, B., Wensley, C., Nielsen, L., & Slark, J. (2021). Health promotion interventions post-stroke for improving self-management: A systematic review. JRSM Cardiovasc Dis, 10, 20480040211004416. https://doi.org/10.1177/20480040211004416
Tsao, C. W., Aday, A. W., Almarzooq, Z. I., Alonso, A., Beaton, A. Z., Bittencourt, M. S., Boehme, A. K., Buxton, A. E., Carson, A. P., Commodore-Mensah, Y., Elkind, M. S. V., Evenson, K. R., Eze-Nliam, C., Ferguson, J. F., Generoso, G., Ho, J. E., Kalani, R., Khan, S. S., Kissela, B. M., Knutson, K. L., Levine, D. A., Lewis, T. T., Liu, J., Loop, M. S., Ma, J., Mussolino, M. E., Navaneethan, S. D., Perak, A. M., Poudel, R., Rezk-Hanna, M., Roth, G. A., Schroeder, E. B., Shah, S. H., Thacker, E. L., VanWagner, L. B., Virani, S. S., Voecks, J. H., Wang, N.-Y., Yaffe, K., Martin, S. S., & null, n. (2022). Heart disease and stroke statistics—2022 update: A report from the american heart association. Circulation, 145(8), e153-e639. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001052
Zhong, X., Wang, J., He, L., & Xu, R. (2020). Recognition of stroke-related knowledge among community residents and the improvement after intensive health education: A cross-sectional study. BMC Neurol, 20(1), 373. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-020-01951-6

References

Bam, K., Olaiya, M. T., Cadilhac, D. A., Donnan, G. A., Murphy, L., & Kilkenny, M. F. (2022). Enhancing primary stroke prevention: A combination approach. The Lancet Public Health, 7(8), e721-e724. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00156-6

Benjamin, E. J., Muntner, P., Alonso, A., Bittencourt, M. S., Callaway, C. W., Carson, A. P., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Das, S. R., Delling, F. N., Djousse, L., Elkind, M. S. V., Ferguson, J. F., Fornage, M., Jordan, L. C., Khan, S. S., Kissela, B. M., Knutson, K. L., Kwan, T. W., Lackland, D. T., Lewis, T. T., Lichtman, J. H., Longenecker, C. T., Loop, M. S., Lutsey, P. L., Martin, S. S., Matsushita, K., Moran, A. E., Mussolino, M. E., O'Flaherty, M., Pandey, A., Perak, A. M., Rosamond, W. D., Roth, G. A., Sampson, U. K. A., Satou, G. M., Schroeder, E. B., Shah, S. H., Spartano, N. L., Stokes, A., Tirschwell, D. L., Tsao, C. W., Turakhia, M. P., VanWagner, L. B., Wilkins, J. T., Wong, S. S., & Virani, S. S. (2019). Heart disease and stroke statistics-2019 update: A report from the american heart association. Circulation, 139(10), e56-e528. https://doi.org/10.1161/cir.0000000000000659

Boden-Albala, B., & Quarles, L. W. (2013). Education strategies for stroke prevention. Stroke, 44(6 Suppl 1), S48-51. https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.111.000396

Boehme, A. K., Esenwa, C., & Elkind, M. S. V. (2017). Stroke risk factors, genetics and prevention. Circulation Research, 120, 472-495.

Brunström, M., Ng, N., Dahlström, J., Lindholm, L. H., Norberg, M., Nyström, L., Weinehall, L., & Carlberg, B. (2022). Association of education and feedback on hypertension management with risk for stroke and cardiovascular disease. Blood Pressure, 31(1), 31-39. https://doi.org/10.1080/08037051.2022.2041393

Dar, N. Z., Khan, S. A., Ahmad, A., & Maqsood, S. (2019). Awareness of stroke and health-seeking practices among hypertensive patients in a tertiary care hospital: A cross-sectional survey. Cureus, 11(5), e4774. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.4774

Feigin. (2021). Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2019: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019. Lancet Neurol, 20(10), 795-820. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(21)00252-0

Hou, S.-I. (2014). Health education:Theoretical concepts, effective strategies and core competencies. Health Promotion Practice, 15(5), 619-621. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524839914538045

Jeon, M. Y., & Jeong, H. (2015). Effects of a stroke primary prevention program on risk factors for at-home elderly. Med Sci Monit, 21, 3696-3703. https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.895519

Kementrian Kesehatan. (2018). Riskesdas 2018. Kementrian Kesehatan Retrieved 28 Desember from

Khan, F., Gaowgzeh, R. A. M., Saif, A. A., Chevidikunnan, M. F., Soman, A., Mazi, A., BinMulayh, E., Sahu, K. S., & Anjamparuthikal, H. (2021). Effect of community education program on stroke symptoms and treatment on school and college students from south india: A longitudinal observational study. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 9(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9121637

Meschia, J. F., Bushnell, C., Boden-Albala, B., Braun, L. T., Bravata, D. M., Chaturvedi, S., Creager, M. A., Eckel, R. H., Elkind, M. S., Fornage, M., Goldstein, L. B., Greenberg, S. M., Horvath, S. E., Iadecola, C., Jauch, E. C., Moore, W. S., & Wilson, J. A. (2014). Guidelines for the primary prevention of stroke: A statement for healthcare professionals from the american heart association/american stroke association. Stroke, 45(12), 3754-3832. https://doi.org/10.1161/str.0000000000000046

Sarfo, F. S., Akinyemi, J. O., Obiako, R., Nichols, M., Fakunle, A. G., Adusei, N., Ampofo, M., Arulogun, O., Jenkins, C., Akpa, O. M., Aribisala, B., Abdulrasaq, S., Akinyemi, R., Ovbiagele, B., & Owolabi, M. O. (2023). Effect of an educational intervention for primary stroke risk reduction in ghana and nigeria: Pilot randomized controlled trial. Stroke, 54(6), 1660-1664. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.123.042618

Schubbe, D., Scalia, P., Yen, R. W., Saunders, C. H., Cohen, S., Elwyn, G., van den Muijsenbergh, M., & Durand, M. A. (2020). Using pictures to convey health information: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects on patient and consumer health behaviors and outcomes. Patient Education and Counseling, 103(10), 1935-1960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2020.04.010

Setyopranoto, I., Upoyo, A. S., Isworo, A., Sari, Y., & Vidyanti, A. N. (2022). Awareness of being at risk of stroke and its determinant factors among hypertensive patients in banyumas, indonesia. Stroke Res Treat, 2022, 4891134. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4891134

Taft, K., Laing, B., Wensley, C., Nielsen, L., & Slark, J. (2021). Health promotion interventions post-stroke for improving self-management: A systematic review. JRSM Cardiovasc Dis, 10, 20480040211004416. https://doi.org/10.1177/20480040211004416

Tsao, C. W., Aday, A. W., Almarzooq, Z. I., Alonso, A., Beaton, A. Z., Bittencourt, M. S., Boehme, A. K., Buxton, A. E., Carson, A. P., Commodore-Mensah, Y., Elkind, M. S. V., Evenson, K. R., Eze-Nliam, C., Ferguson, J. F., Generoso, G., Ho, J. E., Kalani, R., Khan, S. S., Kissela, B. M., Knutson, K. L., Levine, D. A., Lewis, T. T., Liu, J., Loop, M. S., Ma, J., Mussolino, M. E., Navaneethan, S. D., Perak, A. M., Poudel, R., Rezk-Hanna, M., Roth, G. A., Schroeder, E. B., Shah, S. H., Thacker, E. L., VanWagner, L. B., Virani, S. S., Voecks, J. H., Wang, N.-Y., Yaffe, K., Martin, S. S., & null, n. (2022). Heart disease and stroke statistics—2022 update: A report from the american heart association. Circulation, 145(8), e153-e639. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001052

Zhong, X., Wang, J., He, L., & Xu, R. (2020). Recognition of stroke-related knowledge among community residents and the improvement after intensive health education: A cross-sectional study. BMC Neurol, 20(1), 373. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-020-01951-6

Deteksi Risiko Stroke Dan Edukasi Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Primer Terjadinya Stroke

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