Kemampuan Visualisasi Spasial Siswa Dalam Memecahkan Masalah Geometri Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar
Abstract
Background. Spatial visualization ability is an important factor in solving geometric problems because when studying three-dimensional shapes students are not only asked to count to determine a value but also must be able to visualize an object in their minds. If this spatial visualization ability is not developed, it is likely that students will experience difficulties in learning geometry. The purpose of this research is to describe students' spatial visualization abilities in solving geometric problems, which is the aim of this study. The research method used was qualitative research in which data were collected using the results of written tests and interviews with research subjects who were class VIII, totaling 28 students. Students whose answers met the most indicators met the other students to be interviewed further about their spatial visualization abilities. The selection of subjects was based on the results of written tests from 28 students, there was 1 student whose answers met the most indicators than the other students, so these students were selected to be research subjects and further interviewed. The results showed that the results of the written tests and subject interviews were able to fulfill the indicators of imagining, conceptualizing and pattern-finding. The indicator that the subject cannot fulfill is problem solving, this is because students are not careful in writing down the number of cubes that are known in the problem which results in wrong answers. Subjects in this study are said to have spatial visualization abilities, this is due to the compatibility when conducting written tests and interviews.
Latar Belakang. Kemampuan visualisasi spasial merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam memecahkan masalah geometri karena pada saat mempelajari bangun ruang tiga dimensi siswa tidak hanya diminta berhitung untuk menentukan suatu nilai tetapi juga harus dapat memvisualkan suatu objek di dalam pikirannya. Jika kemampuan visualisasi spasial ini tidak dikembangkan maka kemungkinan siswa akan mengalami kesulitan dalam mempelajari geometri. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kemampuan visualisasi spasial siswa dalam memecahkan masalah geometri merupakan tujuan dari penelitian ini. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif yang pengambilan datanya menggunakan hasil tes tulis dan wawancara dengan subjek penelitian adalah kelas VIII yang berjumlah 28 siswa kemudian diambil siswa yang jawabannya paling banyak memenuhi indikator dari pada siswa yang lainnya untuk diwawancarai lebih lanjut mengenai kemampuan visualisasi spasialnya. Pemilihan subjek didasarkan atas hasil tes tulis dari 28 siswa, terdapat 1 siswa yang jawabannya paling banyak memenuhi indikator dari pada siswa yang lainnya, sehingga siswa ini dipilih untuk dijadikan subjek penelitian serta diwawancarai lebih lanjut. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil tes tulis dan wawancara subjek mampu memenuhi indikator pengimajinasian, pengonsepan dan pencarian pola. Indikator yang tidak dapat dipenuhi oleh subjek yaitu pemecahan masalah, hal ini dikarenakan siswa kurang teliti dalam menuliskan jumlah kubus yang diketahui dalam soal yang mengakibatkan jawabannya salah. Subjek pada penelitian ini dikatakan memiliki kemampuan visualisasi spasial, hal ini dikarenakan adanya kesesuaian ketika melakukan tes tulis dan wawancara.
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