Geomorfologi Tanah Pada Transisi Geologi Formasi Wonosari dan Nglanggran di Kecamatan Purwosari Gunungkidul Yogyakarta
Abstract
The transition zone of the Wonosari and Nglanggran Formation in Purwosari District has the characteristics of thick soil, steep slopes, and no outcrops. The different characteristics found in the Wonosari Formation Zone are characterized by polygonal karst formations with thin soil and limestone rocks, and the Nglanggran Formation in the form of thick soil, andesite rock outcrops, and steep slopes. Geomorphological mapping of the Nglanggran and Wonosari Formation can be done easily through morphological approaches and outcrops. Geomorphological mapping is quite difficult to do in the transition of the Wonosari and Nglanggran Formation because it does not have outcrops and is difficult to interpret from morphology. Soil geomorphological approach needs to be done to define landform units for areas that do not have outcrops dan difficult to interpret through morphology. The purpose of this study was to map the geomorphological distribution of soil characteristics in the geological transition zone. The methods used to identify landform units are morphological delineation and soil survey. The morphological delineation for landform units was obtained from aerial photographs. The results of the delineation of landforms from aerial photographs are detailed by soil surveys. The results of the delineation of landforms using aerial photography produce high resolution, smooth, and firm compared to other sources. The results of the delineation of landforms from aerial photos obtained two units of landforms, limestone karst hills, Wonosari formation and andesitic rocky hills, Nglanggran formation. There is a transitional transition zone in the TP7 soil sample with the color change from dark brown (karst) to light brown (old volcanic). The thickness of the soil in the old volcanic is more than 1 meter and deeper than the karst soil (< 60 cm). The transition zone has three soil horizons A, B, and B/C which are classified as more developed than the karst region (A and B horizons). The soil texture in old volcanic is clay and silt, while the dominant karst area is clay.
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References
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Riyanto, I. A., Cahyadi, A., Sismoyo, D., Naufal, M., Ramadhan, F., Widyastuti, M., & Adji, T. N. (2019). Installation of Deep Groundwater Wells as Solution to Water Resources Problem in Panggang Subsystem, Gunungsewu Karst Area, Indonesia. E3S Web of Conferences, 125(201 9). https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912501009
Riyanto, I. A., Widyastuti, M., Cahyadi, A., Agniy, R. F., & Adji, T. N. (2020). Groundwater Management Based on Vulnerability to Contamination in the Tropical Karst Region of Guntur Spring, Gunungsewu Karst, Java Island, Indonesia. Environmental Processes, 7(4), 1277–1302. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40710-020-00460-5
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Sarkar, A. (2019). Soil Geomorphology of Garpanchkot Hill Area and Its Influence on Land Use and Land Cover. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 07(07), 108–135. https://doi.org/10.4236/gep.2019.77009
Sartohadi, J., Harlin Jennie Pulungan, N. A., Nurudin, M., & Wahyudi, W. (2018). The ecological perspective of landslides at soils with high clay content in the middle bogowonto watershed, central Java, Indonesia. Applied and Environmental Soil Science, 4, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2648185
Sartohadi, J., & Mada, U. G. (2004). Geomorfologi Tanah Das Serayu Jawa Tengah. Majalah Geografi Indonesia, 18(2), 135–150. https://doi.org/10.22146/mgi.13273
Sherwood, W. C., Hartshorn, A. S., & Eaton, L. S. (2010). Soils, geomorphology, landscape evolution, and land use in the Virginia Piedmont and Blue Ridge. GSA Field Guides, 16(02), 31–50. https://doi.org/10.1130/2010.0016(02)
Sitinjak, E. S. A., Lutfi Rayes, M., & Agustina, C. (2019). Morphology and Classification of Soils on Various Karst Sub-Landform in Wonosari Formation of Gedangan District, Malang Regency. Jurnal Tanah Dan Sumberdaya Lahan, 06(01), 1055–1064. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2019.006.1.4
Smith, S., Silva, J. F., & Fariñas, M. R. (2005). Geomorphology , soil texture and tree density in a seasonal savanna in eastern Venezuela. Ecotropicos, 18(1), 21–29.
Sunarto, Cahyadi, A., Marfai, M. A., Murti, S. H., Fatchurohman, H. & Malawani, M. N. 2017. Karakteristik Akuifer Wilayah Kepesisiran Parangtritis, Kabupaten bantul. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Geografi. Yogyakarta: Badan Penerbit Fakultas Geografi Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Taher, R., Nurudin, M., & Hanudin, E. (2019). Characteristics of Soils Developing from Gabbro, Phyllite and Chert Parent Rock in Karangsambung District. Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science), 4(3), 131. https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.32392
Williams, T. M., & Amatya, D. M. (2016). Coastal Plain Soils and Geomorphology"¯: a Key To Understanding Forest Hydrology. Headwaters to Estuaries: Advances in Watershed Science and Management, 14–21.
Verstappen, H. (1983) Applied Geomorphology: Geomorphological Surveys for Environmental Development. Elsevier, New York.
Wiyono, Siradz, S. A., & Hasanudin, E. (2006). Aplikasi Soil Taxonomy Pada Tanah-Tanah Yang Berkembang Dari Bentukan Karst Gunung Kidul. Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan, 6(1)” 13-26.
Wysocki, D.A., Schoenoberger, P.J. and LaGarry, H.E. 2011. Geomorphology of Soil Landscapes. In Huang, P.M., Li, Y. and Sumner, M.E. 2011. Handbook of Soil Science: Properties and Processes. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Cahyadi, A., Marfai, M/ A., Nucifera, F. & Rahmadana, A.D.W. 2012. Perencanaan Penggunaan Lahan di Kawasan Karst Berbasis Analisis Kemampuan Lahan dan Pemetaan Kawasan Lindung Sumberdaya Air: Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Ponjong, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, D.I. Yogyakarta. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Science, Engineering and Technology. Malang: Program Magister dan Doktor, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya.
Cahyadi, A., Reinhart, H., Ristiawan, A. W., Putra, R. D., Labib, M. A., Naufal, M., Riyanto, I. A., Ramadhan, F. & Laksono, A. D. 2021. Hydrogeology of Mangsri Cave, Gunungsewu Karst Area, Java Island. Sumatra Journal of Disaster, Geography and Geography Education, 5(1), 1-6.
Daniels, R.B. and Hammer, R.D. 1992. Soil Geomorphology. New York: Wiley.
Fatchurohman, H., Cahyadi, A., & Purwanto, T. H. (2022). Worst-Case tsunami inundation modeling using high-resolution UAV-DEM in various coastal typologies, case study Gunungkidul coastal area. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 986(1), 012027. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/986/1/012027
Gerrard, A.J. (1993). Soil Geomorphology. Dordrecht: Springer.
Hadmoko, D. S., Lavigne, F., Sartohadi, J., Hadi, P., & Winaryo. (2010). Landslide hazard and risk assessment and their application in risk management and landuse planning in eastern flank of Menoreh Mountains, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. Natural Hazards, 54(3), 623–642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-009-9490-0
Haryono, E., & Day, M. (2004). Landform differentiation within the Gunung Kidul Kegelkarst, Java, Indonesia. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, 66(2), 62–69.
Haryono, E., Danardono, Mulatsih, S., Putro, S. T., & Adji, T. N. (2016). The nature of carbon flux in gunungsewu karst, java-Indonesia. Acta Carsologica, 45(2), 173–185. https://doi.org/10.3986/ac.v45i2.4541
Haryono, E., Barianto, D. H. & Cahyadi, A. 2017. Hidrogeologi Kawasan Karst Gunungsewu: Panduan Fieldtrip PAAI ke-2. Yogyakarta: Perhimpunan Ahli Airtanah Indonesia.
Husein, S., Sudarno, I., Pramumijoyo, S., & Karnawati, D. (2015). Paleostress Analysis To Interpret the Landslide Mechanism: a Case Study in Parangtritis, Yogyakarta. Journal of Applied Geology, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.22146/jag.7251
Khaidir, A., Purwanto, B. H., Nurudin, M., & Hanudin, E. (2019). Morphology and physicochemical properties of soils in reclamation of ex-coal mining. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 53(2), 184–189. https://doi.org/10.18805/IJARe.A-332
Marfai, M. A., Khakim, N., Fatchurohman, H., & Salma, A. D. (2021). Planning tsunami vertical evacuation routes using high-resolution UAV digital elevation model: case study in Drini Coastal Area, Java, Indonesia. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 14(19). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-08357-9
Mulyanto, D., & Surono, S. (2009). Pengaruh Topografi dan Kesarangan Batuan Karbonat terhadap Warna Tanah pada Jalur Baron-Wonosari Kabupaten Gunungkidul, DIY. Forum Geografi, 23(2), 181. https://doi.org/10.23917/forgeo.v23i2.5010
Mutaqin, B. W., Handayani, W., Rosaji, F. S. C., Wahyuningtyas, D., & Marfai, M. A. (2021). Geomorphological Analysis for the Identification of Small Volcanic Islands in North Maluku, Indonesia. Jurnal Geografi, 13(2), 184. https://doi.org/10.24114/jg.v13i2.21526
Mutaqin, B. W., Marfai, M. A., Hadmoko, D. S., Lavigne, F., Faral, A., Wijayanti, H., & Riasasi, W. (2021). Geomorphology of the small island of Tidore and Hiri (North Maluku, Indonesia). E3S Web of Conferences, 325, 03012. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132503012
Naufal, M., Adji, T. N., Cahyadi, A., Haryono, E., Widyastuti, M., Riyanto, I. A. & Ramadhan, F. 2020. Estimated Rate of Karst Aquifer Development by MRC Analysis and Flood Hydrograph Components at Guntur Springs, Gunungsewu Karst Area, Indonesia. E3S Web of Conferences, 200, 02007.
Nauman, T. W., Burch, S. S., Humphries, J. T., Knight, A. C., & Duniway, M. C. (2022). A Quantitative Soil-Geomorphic Framework for Developing and Mapping Ecological Site Groups. Rangeland Ecology and Management, 81(1), 9–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2021.11.003
Noviyanto, A., Sartohadi, J., & Purwanto, B. H. (2020). The distribution of soil morphological characteristics for landslide-impacted Sumbing Volcano, Central Java - Indonesia. Geoenvironmental Disasters, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40677-020-00158-8
Nurudin, M., Ohta, S., Hardiyanto, E. B., Mendham, D., Wicaksono, A., Heriyanto, J., & Watanabe, M. (2013). Relationships between soil characteristics and productivity of Acacia mangium in South Sumatra. Tropics, 22(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3759/tropics.22.1
Park, K. (2012). Development in Geomorphology and Soil Geography: Focusing on the Journal of the Korean Geomorphological Association Development in Geomorphology and Soil Geography: Focusing on the Journal of the Korean Geomorphological Association. Journal of the Korean Geographical Society, 47(4), 474–489. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319535840
Pulungan, N. A., & Sartohadi, J. (2018). New Approach to Soil Formation in the Transitional Landscape Zone: Weathering and Alteration of Parent Rocks. Journal of Environments, 5(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.20448/journal.505.2018.51.1.7
Ramadhan, F., Widyastuti, M., Adji, T. N., Cahyadi, A., Naufal, M. & Riyanto, I. A. 2020. Characterizing flow release from the aquifer of Guntur Spring in Gunungsewu Karst Area, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 451, 1.
Richter, D. D., Eppes, M. C., Austin, J. C., Bacon, A. R., Billings, S. A., Brecheisen, Z., Ferguson, T. A., Markewitz, D., Pachon, J., Schroeder, P. A., & Wade, A. M. (2020). Soil production and the soil geomorphology legacy of Grove Karl Gilbert. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 84(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20030
Riyanto, I. A., Cahyadi, A., Sismoyo, D., Naufal, M., Ramadhan, F., Widyastuti, M., & Adji, T. N. (2019). Installation of Deep Groundwater Wells as Solution to Water Resources Problem in Panggang Subsystem, Gunungsewu Karst Area, Indonesia. E3S Web of Conferences, 125(201 9). https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912501009
Riyanto, I. A., Widyastuti, M., Cahyadi, A., Agniy, R. F., & Adji, T. N. (2020). Groundwater Management Based on Vulnerability to Contamination in the Tropical Karst Region of Guntur Spring, Gunungsewu Karst, Java Island, Indonesia. Environmental Processes, 7(4), 1277–1302. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40710-020-00460-5
Rofita, Utami, S. N. H., Maas, A., & Nurudin, M. (2021). Spatial distribution of soil morphology and physicochemical properties to assess land degradation under different NDVI and TRI in North Halmahera, Indonesia. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, 9(1), 3137–3154. https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2021.091.3137
Samodra, G., Hadmoko, D. S., Wicaksono, G. N., Adi, I. P., Yudinugroho, M., Wibowo, S. B., Suryatmojo, H., Purwanto, T. H., Widartono, B. S., & Lavigne, F. (2018). Correction to: The March 25 and 29, 2016 landslide-induced debris flow at Clapar, Banjarnegara, Central Java (Landslides, (2018), 15, 5, (985-993), 10.1007/s10346-018-0958-4). Landslides, 15(5), 995. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-018-0983-3
Samodra, G., Ramadhan, M. F., Sartohadi, J., Setiawan, M. A., Christanto, N., & Sukmawijaya, A. (2020). Characterization of displacement and internal structure of landslides from multitemporal UAV and ERT imaging. Landslides, 17(10), 2455–2468. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-020-01428-0
Sarkar, A. (2019). Soil Geomorphology of Garpanchkot Hill Area and Its Influence on Land Use and Land Cover. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 07(07), 108–135. https://doi.org/10.4236/gep.2019.77009
Sartohadi, J., Harlin Jennie Pulungan, N. A., Nurudin, M., & Wahyudi, W. (2018). The ecological perspective of landslides at soils with high clay content in the middle bogowonto watershed, central Java, Indonesia. Applied and Environmental Soil Science, 4, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2648185
Sartohadi, J., & Mada, U. G. (2004). Geomorfologi Tanah Das Serayu Jawa Tengah. Majalah Geografi Indonesia, 18(2), 135–150. https://doi.org/10.22146/mgi.13273
Sherwood, W. C., Hartshorn, A. S., & Eaton, L. S. (2010). Soils, geomorphology, landscape evolution, and land use in the Virginia Piedmont and Blue Ridge. GSA Field Guides, 16(02), 31–50. https://doi.org/10.1130/2010.0016(02)
Sitinjak, E. S. A., Lutfi Rayes, M., & Agustina, C. (2019). Morphology and Classification of Soils on Various Karst Sub-Landform in Wonosari Formation of Gedangan District, Malang Regency. Jurnal Tanah Dan Sumberdaya Lahan, 06(01), 1055–1064. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2019.006.1.4
Smith, S., Silva, J. F., & Fariñas, M. R. (2005). Geomorphology , soil texture and tree density in a seasonal savanna in eastern Venezuela. Ecotropicos, 18(1), 21–29.
Sunarto, Cahyadi, A., Marfai, M. A., Murti, S. H., Fatchurohman, H. & Malawani, M. N. 2017. Karakteristik Akuifer Wilayah Kepesisiran Parangtritis, Kabupaten bantul. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Geografi. Yogyakarta: Badan Penerbit Fakultas Geografi Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Taher, R., Nurudin, M., & Hanudin, E. (2019). Characteristics of Soils Developing from Gabbro, Phyllite and Chert Parent Rock in Karangsambung District. Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science), 4(3), 131. https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.32392
Williams, T. M., & Amatya, D. M. (2016). Coastal Plain Soils and Geomorphology"¯: a Key To Understanding Forest Hydrology. Headwaters to Estuaries: Advances in Watershed Science and Management, 14–21.
Verstappen, H. (1983) Applied Geomorphology: Geomorphological Surveys for Environmental Development. Elsevier, New York.
Wiyono, Siradz, S. A., & Hasanudin, E. (2006). Aplikasi Soil Taxonomy Pada Tanah-Tanah Yang Berkembang Dari Bentukan Karst Gunung Kidul. Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan, 6(1)” 13-26.
Wysocki, D.A., Schoenoberger, P.J. and LaGarry, H.E. 2011. Geomorphology of Soil Landscapes. In Huang, P.M., Li, Y. and Sumner, M.E. 2011. Handbook of Soil Science: Properties and Processes. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Authors
Indra Agus Riyanto, Ahmad Cahyadi, Dwi Sismoyo, Azura Ulfa, Wilda Aulia Fathoni, & Ghalih Nur Wicaksono. (2022). Geomorfologi Tanah Pada Transisi Geologi Formasi Wonosari dan Nglanggran di Kecamatan Purwosari Gunungkidul Yogyakarta. Jurnal Geografi, Edukasi Dan Lingkungan (JGEL), 6(2), 74–86. https://doi.org/10.22236/jgel.v6i2.9072
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