The Influence Of Atmosphere On Tropical Cyclone Freddy In The Lesser Sunda Islands
Abstract
Indonesia frequently experiences atmospheric phenomena form Tropical Cyclone annually due to its geographical location situated in tropical regions. The occurrence of Tropical Cyclones in Indonesia typically lasts from 3 hours to 18 days during February to April. One of the Tropical Cyclones that occurred in Indonesia in 2023 was Tropical Cyclone Freddy. This research aims to elucidate the characteristics of Tropical Cyclone Freddy, atmospheric conditions, and its influence on rainfall in the Lesser Sunda Islands. The data utilized include Himawari-9 satellite imagery in the IR (13) band, NWP, ERA-5 meteorological parameters, and GSMaP with time intervals every 6 hours from 5-7 February 2023. Tropical Cyclone Freddy, formed south of East Nusa Tenggara on February 5, 2023, and continued to develop into a mature form on February 6, 2023, at 12:00 UTC, progressing westward. The factors contributing to the formation of this tropical cyclone include elevated Sea Surface Temperature (SST), the presence of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), and the active phase 4 of the Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO). The closest distance between the location of Tropical Cyclone Freddy's occurrence and the mainland occurred on February 6, 2023, at 18:00, at 187 km off Sumba Island. On the other hand, the impacts of the tropical cyclone on meteorological parameters include the occurrence of updrafts in the Lesser Sunda Islands region and an increase in moisture transport to the north and south. Additionally, Tropical Cyclone Freddy exerts a remote effect on rainfall events in the Lesser Sunda Islands.
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References
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Agustín Breña-Naranjo, J., Pedrozo-Acuña, A., Pozos-Estrada, O., Jiménez-López, S. A., & López-López, M. R. (2015). The Contribution Of Tropical Cyclones To Rainfall In Mexico. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 83–84, 111–122. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2015.05.011
Asmita, A. S., & Saragih, R. W. (2022). Pemanfaatan Satellite Animation and Interactive Diagnosis untuk Analisis Kondisi Atmosfer saat Banjir di Kalukku menggunakan Metode Numerical Weather Prediction. Jurnal Fisika, 12(2), 65–75. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15294/jf.v12i2.40136
Asrianti, P., Bey, A., & Ilhamsyah, Y. (2013). Kajian Beberapa Karakteristik Siklon Tropis (Kasus Topan Choi-Wan Dan Nida Di Lautan Pasifik Utara Bagian Barat). DEPIK Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan, Dan Perikanan, 2(3), 154–161. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.13170/depik.2.3.974
Avrionesti, Khadami, F., & Purnaningtyas, D. W. (2021). Ocean Response to Tropical Cyclone Seroja at East Nusa Tenggara Waters. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 925(1), 12045. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/925/1/012045
Ayasha, N. (2022). Analisis Parameter Vertical Velocity dan Kaitannya dengan Kondisi Parameter Cuaca saat Kejadian Hujan ES. Buletin GAW Bariri (BGB), 3(1), 17–24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31172/bgb.v3i1.64
Azani, A. A., & Kusumawardani, N. (2022). Kajian Indeks Stabilitas Atmosfer Terhadap Kejadian Hujan Lebat Di Kota Bitung (Studi Kasus Tahun 2020 - 2021). Jurnal Widya Climago, 4(1), 29–36.
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Dewi, A. M., & Kristianto, A. (2018). Analisis Transport Uap Air Di Kupang Saat Terjadi Siklon Tropis Narelle: Studi Kasus Tanggal 6 Januari 2013. Jurnal Meteorologi Klimatologi Dan Geofisika, 4(1 SE-Articles), 8–15. https://jurnal.stmkg.ac.id/index.php/jmkg/article/view/34
Diniyati, E., Syofyan, D. Q., & Mulya, A. (2021). Pemanfaatan Satelit Himawari-8 dengan Metode NWP dan RGB untuk Menganalisis Kondisi Atmosfer Saat Banjir di Sidoarjo Tanggal 28 Mei 2020. JPIG (Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Ilmu Geografi), 6(1 SE-Articles), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.21067/jpig.v6i1.5252
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Emanuel, K. A. (1988). The Maximum Intensity of Hurricanes. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 45(7), 1143–1155. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1988)045<1143:TMIOH>2.0.CO;2
Eryani, I. G. A. P., Laksmi, A. A. R. S., & Astiti, N. M. A. G. R. (2022). Strategi Mitigasi Bencana Hidrometeorologi Di Daerah Muara Sungai Ayung. Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil; Vol 26 No 2 (2022): Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil, Vol. 26 No. 2, Juli 2022DO - 10.24843/JITS.2022.V26.I02.P06 . https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jits/article/view/90076
Fang, J., Liu, W., Yang, S., Brown, S., Nicholls, R. J., Hinkel, J., Shi, X., & Shi, P. (2017). Spatial-temporal changes of coastal and marine disasters risks and impacts in Mainland China. Ocean & Coastal Management, 139, 125–140. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2017.02.003
Fibriantika, E., & Mayangwulan, D. (2020). Analisis Spasial Indeks Stabilitas Udara Di Indonesia Spatial Analysis of Air Stability Index in Indonesia. Jurnal Sains & Teknologi Modifikasi Cuaca, 21, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.29122/jstmc.v21i1.4005
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Fadhli Aslama Afghani. (2024). The Influence Of Atmosphere On Tropical Cyclone Freddy In The Lesser Sunda Islands. Jurnal Geografi, Edukasi Dan Lingkungan (JGEL), 8(2), 166–182. https://doi.org/10.22236/jgel.v8i2.14050
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