BIOEDUSCIENCE

Petengoran Mangrove Forest, Pesawaran: Ecological and Ethnocentric Studies

Tue, 17 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Mangrove environments play an essential function in coastal tidal areas. Petengoran mangrove forest is located in Gebang village, Teluk Pandan district, Pesawaran, Lampung province. Describe the ecological and ethnocentric conditions of the Petengora mangrove forest in Gebang village, linked to mangrove vegetation to facilitate forest maintenance, community empowerment, and community impacts on Petengoran mangroves. Methods: This research uses the transect method at three stations with four plots. Each plot had an area of 10 x 10 m2. Ethnocentric data collection was conducted using questionnaires and field observations. Results: INP of Rhizopora mucronata was the highest (300%). The station's overall diversity level (H') is medium. The specific richness index (R) of all stations is low. All stations' uniformity index (E) is high, as shown by findings from community interviews on ethnocentric elements of Petengoran mangrove ecotourism. The environmental conditions of the mangrove forests are relatively clean and maintained, and the infrastructure and ecotourism infrastructure are pretty adequate. Conclusions: Petengora mangroves are managed by farmers who create nurseries and plantations. This area is a mangrove reserve. The mangrove forest is considered a traditional place, but surrounding communities do not have any unique traditions.

A Population and Level of Noctuidae Pest Attack on Sweet Corn (Zea Mays Saccharata Sturt.)

Eva Tri Agustin, Noni Rahmadhini, Ramadhani Mahendra Kusuma — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) is a food plant from the family grass, and cultivating sweet corn is more profitable because it has high economic value on the market. The growth phase of sweet corn plants often experiences a decrease in production yields, even crop failure due to pest attacks. This research aims to determine the pest population and the level of Noctudiae pest attacks that attack sweet corn plants. The study was conducted on moorland in Pilanggot Hamlet, Wonokromo Village, Tikung District, Lamongan Regency, East Java, from May to July 2023. This research used a selected random sampling survey method, namely observations on five plots, and each plot contained 48 observed plants. Observations began when the sweet corn plants were 14 HST and carried out once a week, 10 observations with 7-day intervals, namely in the vegetative phase (14, 21, 28, 35, 42) and generative phase (49, 56, 63, 70 and 77 HST). ). The research results show that the highest population of Noctuidae pests is the armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda), with as many as 63 individuals with a relative abundance of 54%. The Noctuidae pests found were the armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda), moth (Spodoptera litura), and cob borer (Helicoverpa armigera). The highest attack percentage is 25%, but it is still mild.

The Effectiveness of the Granular Formulation of a Combination of Trichoderma sp. and Bandotan Leaf Extract Against Sclerotium rolfsii on Porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus)

Nabilla Nur Raniah, Hery Nirwanto, Penta Suryaminarsih — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Amorphophallus oncophyllus is a tuber plant that is beneficial for various industrial sectors, but in its cultivation, it is often affected by the pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii, requiring control measures. Control efforts can be carried out using a combination of the biological agent Trichoderma sp. and the plant pesticide made from bandotan leaf extract. The combined control application can be formulated in a solid granular form. Method: This research was conducted both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) was used with the combination of Trichoderma sp. and bandotan leaf extract, divided into four levels: 0% (TB0), 5% (TB5), 10% (TB10), and 15% (TB15). In vivo, a 2-factor RAL was applied. The first factor was the concentration of the rice flour carrier material in four levels: 0% (B1), 25% (B2), 50% (B3), and 75% (B4). The second factor was the storage duration of the granular formulation, consisting of 0 weeks (M1), 3 weeks (M2), and 5 weeks (M3). Result: The study's results showed that the granular combination of Trichoderma sp. and 10% bandotan leaf extract reduced S. rolfsii infection by 64.25% and stimulated the growth of porang plant height. Conclusion: The treatment with the granular combination of Trichoderma sp. and 10% bandotan leaf extract, adding 25% rice flour and a storage period of 0-3 weeks, showed the best effect on the porang plant seedlings.

Analysis of Proximatic Levels and Sensory Quality of Organic Fish Feed from Fermented Coconut Drain Flour and Maggot Flour

Zeny Kurniawati, Aminah Asngad — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Background: The rise of fish farming has caused the market price of feed to increase by up to 60% of the production cost, so fish farmers need a breakthrough in new fish feed to reduce the production cost of fish farming activities. Methods: The type of experimental research with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and factorial design. There was one treatment factor and two repetitions, and each was carried out with three treatments on the fermented coconut dregs flour and maggot flour formulations, namely M1, M2, and M3. Feed testing was carried out by proximate testing of protein and carbohydrate content and hedonic quality testing for panelists with color, aroma, and texture parameters. Results: The results of the proximate test of the protein content of fish feed formulas M1, M2, and M3 were 7.83%, 11.64%, and 9.04%, respectively. In contrast, the carbohydrate content of fish feed formulas M1, M2, and M3 were 29.26%, 23.08%, and 27.84%, respectively. Meanwhile, the color sensory test results of formula M1, M2, and M3 feed have subsets of 2.00, 3.55, and 3.35, respectively. The results of the aroma sensory test of formula M1, M2, and M3 feed have subsets of 2.65, 3.40, and 3.35, respectively, while the results of the texture sensory test of formula M1, M2, and M3 feed have subsets of 2.65; 3.70; and 3.25 respectively. Conclusions: Formula M2 has the highest protein content of 11.64%, and formula M1 has the highest carbohydrate content of 29.26%.

The Effect of Adding Silk Worms (Tubifex tubifex) Feed on the Growth of Jelawat Fish (Leptobabus hoevenii [Bleeke, 1851])

Fri, 30 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Background: This study aims to determine the effect of growth of Jelawat fish given additional feed silkworm and pellets. Method: This study used Complete Randomized Design (RAL) with four treatments, five repeats. L. hoevenii were kept for 28 days with a countainer box with the same quality and quantity of water. Measurements are taken once every 2 weeks. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out on the measurement results, and continued with the Smallest Real Difference (BNT) test. Result: In treatment A with feed (100% pellets) resulted in weight growth (0.5 g), body length (3.4 mm), and body thickness (0.35 mm). In treatment B with feeding (Pellets 25% + T.tubifex 75%) resulted in weight growth (1.02 g), body length (24.6 mm), and body thickness (2.84 mm). In treatment C with feed (Pellets 50% +T.tubifex 50%) resulted in weight growth (0.54 g), body length (9.6 mm), and body thickness (1.71 mm). In treatment D with feeding (Pellets 75% + T.tubifex 25%) resulted in weight growth (0.34 g), body length (9.0 mm), and body thickness (1.37 mm). Conclusion: The addition of T. tubifex feed can have an influence on the growth of L. Hoevenii and the best treatment to produce good fish growth in this study is found in the B treatment given feed (Pellets 25% + T.Tubifex 75%) resulting in the highest growth with body weight growth (1.02 g), body length (24.6 mm), and body thickness (2.84) mm.

Response of Chili Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) Yield to Age of Shoot Pruning and Trichotomous Dosage

Mila Yunianysyah Putri, F. Deru Dewanti, Ramdan Hidayat — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Increasing the productivity of Chili pepper plants can be done by pruning shoots and using trichotomous biofertilizer as an alternative to chemical fertilizers. This study aims to determine the effect of treating shoot pruning age and adding trichotomous doses on Chili pepper plant yields. Methods: This experiment used a Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor is the age of shoot pruning, which consists of 4 treatment levels, namely P0 = No pruning, P1 = shoot pruning 14 HST, P2 = shoot pruning 21 HST, P3 = shoot pruning 28 HST and trichotomous dose as the second factor consisting of 4 treatment levels, namely T0 = Without trichotomous, T1 = 600g/plant, T2 = 800 g/plant, and T3 = 1000 g/plant, so that 16 treatment combinations were obtained with three replications. Results: The results showed that the combination of pruning age treatment of 28 HST and trichotomous dose of 800g/plant produced the best number of flowers. A pruning age of 28 HST gave the best results on the number of leaves, leaf area, productive branches, total number of fruits per plant, and total fruit weight per plant. A trichotomous dose of 800 g/plant gave the best results on plant height, number of productive branches, total number of fruits per plant, and total fruit weight per plant. Conclusion: The pruning age of shoots and trichotomous doses affect the yield of Chili pepper plants.

Integration of Proximate Levels and Sensory Quality of Organic Fish Feed Based on Fermented Coconut Flour and Cricket Flour

Nadia Aprilia, Aminah Asngad — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Feed is a determining factor in the success of fish farming, but in some cases, fish feed on the market contains chemicals such as pesticides, heavy metals, and synthetic chemicals. Organic, safer, and readily available materials combine plant-based and animal ingredients such as cricket (Acheta domesticus) and coconut pulp. Cricket has a high nutritive value, especially protein content, and coconut pulp was potentially high in carbohydrate content. The study aims to determine the carbohydrate and protein content and the color, aroma, and density assessment of the combination of fermented coconut pulp flour and cricket flour. Methods: The design pattern was a 1-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) pattern with two repetitions of 3 treatments (A1, A2, and A3) of fermented coconut pulp flour and cricket flour. Feed is subjected to tests on carbohydrate and protein proximate levels and sensory assessments of its color, aroma, and texture. Results: The average carbohydrate content in formulas A1, A2, and A3 is 30.51%, 26.04%, and 28.45%, while the protein content is 10.64%, 20.88%, and 16.86%. ANOVA test results on color, aroma, and overall texture show significant differences in each fish feed formula. Conclusions: The highest level of sensory preference for color, aroma, and texture was observed in the combination of formula A2. Formula A1 is suitable for herbivorous fish, formula A2 for carnivorous fish, and formula A3 for omnivorous fish.